József Kauser

József Kauser (born May 7, 1848 in Pest , Austrian Empire , † July 25, 1919 in Budapest ) was a Hungarian architect .

Life

József Kauser comes from a family that has produced numerous stonemasons and architects since the late 18th century , whose work has shaped the urban image of Budapest to this day.

He began his architecture studies in 1865 at the Joseph Polytechnicum in Budapest. In the winter semester of 1866/67 he was enrolled at the Polytechnicum in Zurich. In October 1868 he was enrolled at the École Impériale et Spéciale des Beaux Arts in Paris, and in April 1870 he was accepted as élève in Charles-Jean Laisné's studio. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/1871 he went to Vienna and studied with Theophil Hansen , the director of the special school for architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna . Back in Paris, he continued his studies until 1873 and received several awards for his achievements.

In 1874 he returned to Budapest and initially worked for his brother János Kauser's architectural office before becoming independent.

His historically influenced works can be assigned primarily to the French and German neo-renaissance as well as neo-romanesque. When Miklós Ybl died in 1891, József Kauser was entrusted as his successor with the task of directing the interior design of the St. Stephen's Basilica (Budapest) and thus completing the construction. It is his main work, which he finished in 1905 and which made him famous.

Works (selection)

• Participation in the planning of the Hungarian department at the Paris World Exhibition in 1878
• Church in Újpest
• Miklós Röser-Bazár, Károly körút 22
• MÁV pension association building, Andrássy út 83-85
• Stefania Children's Hospital, Üllői út
• Ludovika Academy (Military Academy), new side building
• Pavilion of the capital city commune at the National Exhibition in Budapest 1885
• MÁV building, Kerepesi út
• Reformed grammar school, Lónyai utca 4-8
• Dollinger House, Rákóczi út 52
• Károly Becker House, Kossuth Lajos utca 11
• Interior design of the St. Stephen's Basilica
• Reformed high school in Kiskunhalas
• St. Ladislaus Hospital, Gyáli út
• Building of the terminus of the horse tram, Auwinkel (Zugliget)
• Municipal drawing school, today Török Pál utca
• Office building of the People's Theater, Csokonai utca
• Water tower, Csokonai utca 3
• High school in Ungvár
• Sancta Maria Girls' School; English Girls' Building, Irányi-Molnár utca
• Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic at the University of Budapest
• Pallas Publishing House and Printing House, Gorove and Kálmán u.
• Primary school, Váci út 57-61
• "Herz Jesu" church and rectory, Maria u. 25th
• Pathological Institute at the University of Medical Sciences, Üllői út
• Karoly Gerlóczy's house in Kőbánya, Hölgy utca 13
• Clinic for Stomatology, Szentkirályi u. 40
• Evangelical Reformed Church in Erzsébetváros, in collaboration with József Kálmán Kauser

Awards and honors

• Austrian Imperial Franz Joseph Order, Knight's Cross (1879)
• Austrian-Imperial Order of the Iron Crown, Abz. III. Class (1885)
• Officier d'Académie (France)
• Medal at the Paris World Exhibition in 1900
• Award "Legfelsöbb elismerés" (German: "Highest Recognition") (1907)
• Member of the National Council for Public Works (1908)
• External member of the Architectural Diploma Examination Board of the Hungarian Royal Joseph University
• Member of the National Monument Committee (1910)
• Royal Councilor (1911)
• Member of the National Council for the Fine Arts (1913)
• Corresponding member of the Central Association of Architects of the Kingdoms and Countries represented in the Imperial Council, Vienna

On May 5, 1922, József Kauser was reburied in a grave on the Kerepesi temető , which has been a protected burial site since 2001. He died on July 25th, 1919, just five days before the dictatorship of the proletariat proclaimed by Bela Kun on June 25th, 1919 , or the Hungarian Soviet Republic came to an end on August 1st, 1919, but on July 27th, 1919 he was anything but buried in a proper grave (grave site 151-0-2-70) in the Rákoskeresztúr cemetery. At the request of the Hungarian Association of Engineers and Architects (Magyar Mérnök- és Építész-Egylet), the city administration approved his relocation in an honorary grave near the Ferenc Deák mausoleum. The transfer and burial took place with the participation of numerous students, friends and admirers of the deceased.

Publications (selection)

• Néhany szó az országos mintarajztanoda idei kiállitásáról, Építő Ipar 1877.
• A Jézus szt. szíve temploma és a középkori magyar templomok azonos stylusa, Építő Ipar, 1898.
• Az oltárok alakjainak fejlődési folyamata a századokon át, Építő Ipar, 1907.
• Az Operaház kibővítésének kérdéséhez, Építő Ipar, 1910.
• A magyar építőművészeti stylus első kisérlete. Visszaemlékezései a budapesti Vigadó felépítésére (1861) és tervezö épitészére, Építő Ipar, 1915.
• A magyar építőművészeti stílus eszméje, Pesti Hirlap 7.3.1915, 34-36.
• Feszl Frigyes (a Vigadó építészének) életrajza (1821-1884); Manuscript published by Komárik, Dénes in: Ars Hung.lX. 1993. 1. 113-126.

literature

• Baum, Hermann: Kauser, in: ders .: Citizen families in Buda-Pest and Miskolc, Norderstedt 2017; 25-51.
• Baum, Hermann: Kauser, Köfaragók és Épitészek. Stonemasons and Architects, Norderstedt 2018.
• David de Pénanrun, Louis Thérèse: Les architectes élèves de l'École des Beaux Arts, Paris 1907.
• Déry Attila / Merényi Ferenc: Magyar Épitészet 1867-1945, Budapest 2000.
• Fábián Gáspár: Nagy magyar épitömüvészek, Budapest 1936.
• Kauser, Lipót: Kauser-Saga, Pécs 2009.
• Komárik, Dénes: Épitészképzés és mesterfelvétel a XIX. Szabadban. Pesti mesterek es mesterjelöltek, in: Épités - Épiteszettudomány III, Budapest 1971, 379-418.
• Lechner, Jenö: Kauser József, in: Magyar Mérnök és Èpitesz Egylet közlönye 1867-1944: LIII, 194 and LV, 123-125.
• General encyclopedia of fine artists from antiquity to the present, Leipzig 1907.
• Magyar életrajzi lexicon.
• Pallas Nagy Lexicon.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ According to the parish register of Terézváros, he was named Lipót Josef [sic!] Nep on May 10, 1848. János baptized.
2. ^ Joseph Kauser (1787-1841) was a master stonemason. Four of his five sons follow him professionally: the master stonemason Johannes Nepomuk Kauser (1817-1871); the stonemason and architect Leopold Dominikus Kauser (1818-1877); the architect and civil engineer Joseph Stephan Kauser (1830-1905) and the master stonemason Jakob Kauser (1833-1893). József Kauser (1848-1919), a son of Johannes Nepomuk Kauser (1817-1871), becomes an architect - like his brothers János Kauser (1847-1925) and Gyula Kauser (1855-1920) - and has a son himself, József Kálmán Kauser (1881-1940), who also chose the profession of architect. The architect Gyula Kauser (1855-1920), younger brother of József Kauser, has a son: Andor Kauser (1884-1951), who becomes an architect. The master stonemason Jakob Kauser (1833-1893), an uncle of József Kauser, has two sons: the master stonemason Stefan Kauser (1867-1911) and the architect Béla Kauser (1873-1910). See: a) H. Baum: bourgeois families in Buda-Pest and Miskolc, 48-51 as well as b) the Catholic church books of Pest and Budapest, accessible in the Hungarian State Archives (Magyar Orszagos Leveltàr) in Budapest.
3. ↑ A Királyi József Műegyetem tanárai és hallgatói 1851/2 - 1881/2, Budapest 1883, 47.
4. ↑ No. 135 of the list of auditors, consulted in the library archive of the ETH Zurich on June 6, 2017.
5. ↑ registration number 2658; Archives Nationales (France): Archives de l'École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts: AJ / 52/370; page 168.
6. ^ Archives Nationales (France): Archives de l'Ecole nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts: AJ / 52/370; page 169.
7. ^ Gáspár Fábián: Nagy magyar épitömüvészek, Budapest 1936, 17-18
8. ^ Archives Nationales (France): Archives de l'Ecole nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts: AJ / 52/370; page 169
9. ↑ Jenö Lechner: Kauser József emlékezete, in: Magyar Mernök és Èpitesz Egylet közlönye 1867-1944: LV, 123-125.
10. ^ At the meeting of the Budapest magistrate on March 14, 1891, József Kauser was proposed as the architect for the interior design of the basilica; s. Pester Lloyd from March 14th, 1891.
11. ↑ After a) Ferenc Merényi: Magyar Építészek 1890-1918, Budapest 1955, 157-159; b) Új magyar életrajzi lexicon: Kauser József, 807; c) Jenö Lechner: Kauser József emlékezete, in: Magyar Mernök és Èpitesz Egylet közlönye 1867-1944: LV, 123-125.
12. ↑ Bauzeitung für Ungarn, Volume 14, No. 15; Budapest May 17, 1885; Országos Széchényi Könyvtár FM3 / 4771
13. ↑ According to a) the CV written by József Kauser himself on January 27, 1916, published in: Hermann Baum: Bürger-Familien in Buda-Pest und Miskolc, 41; b) David de Pénanrun, Louis Thérèse: Les architectes élèves de l'École des Beaux Arts, Paris 1907, 305 and c) Ildiko Nagy: Aranyermek, Ezüstkoszoruk, müveszkultus és müpartolas magyarorszagban a 19th században. A magyar nemzeti galéria kiadványai 1995/1, 356-357.
14. ↑ An academic distinction, not to be confused with membership in the Academie française.
15. ↑ Kerepesi temető (German Kerepescher Friedhof), parcel 36/2, N / A, 1, 37; Information from the cemetery administration, requested on May 10, 2017.
16. ^ Information from the cemetery administration, requested on June 19, 2017.
17. ↑ Pester Lloyd, 05/07/1922, 11: Honoring a dead man.

Web links

Commons : József Kauser  - collection of images, videos and audio files