Aidhausen Jewish community

Memorial stone for the Jewish community of Aidhausen

A Jewish community in Aidhausen , a community in the Lower Franconian district of Haßberge , had existed since the 16th century.

history

In 1595 Jews were first mentioned in Aidhausen. In 1867 the Jewish community had reached its highest number with 82 people. As a result of emigration and relocation to the cities, their number has declined since the second half of the 19th century.

The Jewish community of Aidhausen owned a synagogue , a religious school with a teacher's apartment and a ritual bath ( mikveh ). The employed teacher was also active as a prayer leader and slaughterer . The dead were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Kleinsteinach . The Jewish community of Aidhausen belonged to the Burgpreppach district rabbinate .

Register list 1817

In the matriculation list for Aidhausen from 1817, which was drawn up according to the regulations of the Bavarian Jewish edict , the following Jewish heads of family are named with the newly adopted family names and the occupation : Samson Isaac Katzher (Auszüger), Samson Aron Kohn (cattle slaughter), Abraham Samson Kohn (Cattle slaughter), Mardechaeus Maenlein Straus (pulling lights), Abraham Hirsch Franker (cutting trade), Anschel Löw Stern (cutting trade), Maier Emanuel Marxer (cuddling and less trade), Moises Isaac Kahn (cuddling), Samuel Löw Löwer (cutting trade), widow Baierlein Ehrreich (cutting trade), Löw Baermann Ehrenreich, Selig Stern (field cultivation) . (from: Alemannia Judaica )

Community development

year	Parishioners
1817	12 families
1841	41 people 7.2% of a total of 571 inhabitants
1867	82 people 11.8% of a total of 697 inhabitants
1880	65 people 9.1% of a total of 711 inhabitants
1900	53 people 7.8% of a total of 680 inhabitants
1924	37 people 5.2% of a total of 713 inhabitants
1933	23 people 3.4% of a total of 678 inhabitants
1939	19 people 3.0% of a total of 626 inhabitants

National Socialist Persecution

Even before the November pogrom of 1938 , there were riots against the Jewish families in Aidhausen on October 10, 1938. The windows of their houses were broken and some of the rituals of the synagogue were violated.

Of the resident still in Aidhausen 16 Jewish inhabitants 11 were admitted in April 1942 izbica ghetto deported . In September 1942 the last five Jews from Aidhausen were deported from Schweinfurt to the Theresienstadt ghetto .

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 25 Jewish citizens born in Aidhausen who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

literature

• Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 1: Aach - Groß-Bieberau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08077-2 ( online edition ).
• Israel Schwierz: Stone evidence of Jewish life in Bavaria. A documentation . Published by the Bavarian State Center for Political Education in Munich. Bayerische Verlags-Anstalt, Bamberg 1988, ISBN 3-87052-393-X , p. 32.

Web links

• On the history of the Jewish community of Aidhausen near Alemannia Judaica

Individual evidence

1. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved March 1, 2010.