Jewish community of Dettensee

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A Jewish community in Dettensee , a district of Horb am Neckar in the Freudenstadt district in northern Baden-Württemberg , had existed since the 17th century. The Jewish community existed until the end of the 19th century.

history

Synagogue in Dettensee

For the first time in 1579/80 and then again in 1688 Jewish residents are mentioned. In 1764, 23 Jewish families lived in Dettensee. Almost all Jewish heads of household were traders who dealt with cattle, horses, leather, hides, beds, haberdashery, kettles, etc. a. acted. The Jewish families lived in poor conditions and it was not until the middle of the 19th century that their income conditions improved. As a result of emigration and emigration, the number of community members quickly declined until 1900, so that Jewish community life was no longer possible.

From the 1830s onwards, the Jewish families could also live outside of the stately buildings in the village. At Neuneckstraße 17 was the Jewish inn Sonne . A ritual bath ( mikveh ) was probably located near the synagogue and a separate cemetery was built in 1830.

From 1826 to 1902 there was a Jewish elementary school (elementary school) for which a teacher was employed. This was at the same time active as a prayer leader and Schochet .

From 1822 to 1836 Dettensee had his own rabbi in Marx Hirsch . Thereafter the community belonged to the Haigerloch rabbinate .

Community development

year Parishioners
1764 23 families
1809 126 people
1830 173 people
1890 100 people
1898 48 people
1904 8 people
1907 4 people
1933 2 persons

National Socialist Persecution

In 1933 only Hermann Hirsch († July 1, 1934) and his sister Luise Hirsch lived in Dettensee. Luise Hirsch was deported to Theresienstadt via Oberstotzingen in 1942 and then to Maly Trostinec , where she was murdered.

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 12 Jewish citizens born in Dettensee who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

See also

literature

  • Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger: Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, pp. 207–209, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany . Volume 4)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved January 4, 2010.