Gengenbach Jewish Community

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Memorial plaque for the Jewish community of Gengenbach

A Jewish community in Gengenbach , a town in the Ortenau district in Baden-Württemberg , already existed in the Middle Ages .

history

In 1308 Jews are first mentioned in Gengenbach. The residential area of ​​the Jews at this time was probably Judengasse , which was renamed Engelgasse in 1877 . After the Jews had long been banned in the free imperial city , they could only move in again in the second half of the 19th century. In 1895 a Jewish branch of the Jewish community of Offenburg was officially founded in Gengenbach , which existed until 1938. The congregation owned a prayer room in a Jewish private house and from 1903 to 1934 the congregation rented a hall on the second floor of the old department store on the market square for their services . In 1985 a plaque in memory of the Jewish residents of Gengenbach was placed on the building.

The Jewish families owned a number of businesses until after 1933, including: Viehhandlung Siegmund Bloch (Feuergasse 3), textile shop Ferdinand and Siegfried Blum (Hauptstraße 50), tobacco wholesaler Berthold Meier (Grünstraße 27), wine shop Isaak and Adolf Valfer ("Klosterkellerei", Hauptstraße 18 ), Textile goods store Ludwig and Sofie Valfer (Hauptstrasse 38).

National Socialist Persecution

Memorial to the memory of the deportation of Gengenbach Jews (market square)

Many of the 30 Jewish residents in Gengenbach, who were still living there in 1933, moved away or emigrated because of the increasing disenfranchisement and reprisals.

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists ten Jewish citizens born in Gengenbach who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

Community development

year Parishioners
1875 42 people
1885 56 people
1900 36 people
1925 35 people
1933 30 people

literature

  • Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger: Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany . Volume 4)
  • Martin Ruch: 700 years of history of the Jews in Gengenbach 1308-2008 . Norderstedt 2008, ISBN 978-3-8370-6692-0 [not evaluated]

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ from: alemannia judaica
  2. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved January 18, 2010.