Jewish community Ichenhausen

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The Jewish community in Ichenhausen , a town in the Swabian district of Günzburg ( Bavaria ), is first documented in 1541.

history

Former parish hall and former synagogue of the Jewish community of Ichenhausen

An emperor's certificate from 1618 ensured protection for the Jews who had settled in Ichenhausen . Both lords , the two families of the Barons von Stain , allowed Jews to settle after the town was divided in 1657.

Numerous Jewish associations and institutions shaped Jewish community life. There was a Jewish old people's home (from 1919), a branch of the Central Welfare Office, the Bikkur Cholim Sick Care Association (founded in 1880), the Ez-Chajim association for the distribution of firewood to the needy, the Israelite Women's Association (founded around 1735) Jewish youth club, a sports association Maccabi , the learning club Talmud Torah (with 47 members in 1925), the Reich association of Jewish front soldiers .

Until the middle of the 19th century, the Jewish families lived mainly from the trade in textiles, old clothes and from the cattle and horse trade . However, some were already active as farmers in the first half of the 19th century. Around 1850, the number of Jewish residents fell sharply due to emigration and emigration. Until 1869, the Jewish and Christian communities also formed separate civil communities, each with their own administration, after which a joint political community was formed from Christians and Jews.

National Socialist Persecution

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 206 Jewish citizens born in Ichenhausen who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

Demographic statistics

After Fürth , the Jewish community of Ichenhausen was the second largest in Bavaria at the beginning of the 19th century .

year Resident of the Jewish denomination Total population
1567 13 families
1624 150 people
1680 approx. 200
1730 about 700
1811 893 1978
1867 737 2409
1880 669 2548
1890 718 2637
1900 601 2666
1910 437 2688
1925 356 2537
1933 309 2493
1939 216 2418
1942 121
1943 0

See also

literature

  • Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 2: Großbock - Ochtendung. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08078-9 ( online version ).
  • Benigna Schönhagen (Ed.): "Ma Tovu ...". "How beautiful are your tents, Jakob ..." Synagogues in Swabia . Franz Schiermeier Verlag, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-943866-24-7 , pp. 61–66 (Accompanying volume for the traveling exhibition “Ma Tovu…”. “How beautiful are your tents, Jakob…” Synagogues in Swabia of the Jewish Culture Museum Augsburg-Swabia and the Network of Historical Synagogue Places in Bavarian Swabia).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved December 3, 2014.