Lisberg Jewish Community

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View of the Jewish cemetery in Lisberg

A Jewish community in Lisberg , a community in the Bamberg district in northern Bavaria , has existed since the beginning of the 18th century at the latest.

history

The Jewish community was mentioned for the first time in 1739 because of the layout of its burial place . The apartments of the Jews were in the area of ​​today's streets Kaulberg, Kasernstraße and Brunnenweg. On September 19, 1904, the Lisberg Jewish community was merged with that of Trabelsdorf .

Around 1775 there were 12 Jewish families in Lisberg and around 1800 21. The edict of 1813 set the number of Jewish families admitted to Lisberg at 17. At that time, three families did not receive a matriculation position . The following families had matriculation positions around 1822 (job details in brackets): Michel Fromm (cattle dealer), Maier Lisberger (cut and specialty goods trade), Seidel Gerstner (cut and specialty goods trade with shop), Jakob Seligmann (cattle trade), Michael Jakob (peddler trade), Joseph Herrmann (cattle trade), Nena Fromm (widow), Salomon Lisberger (iron and cutlery trade with shop), Samuel Gerstner (peddler with old clothes), Joseph Kahn (oil trade), Kallmann Maier, Jakob Susslein (rag trade), Jakobine Eisig ( Widow), Markus Lisberger (peddler), Sara Maier (widow), Marx Schnee (cattle trade), Peßla Maier (widow), Joseph Simon ( prayer leader ), Abraham Michel ( master tailor), Josef Leser ( emergency trade in small cattle and cut goods ).

The Jewish community had belonged to the Bischberg district rabbinate since 1825 , whose seat was relocated to Burgebrach in 1826 .

school

From 1826 to 1869 the children of the Jewish communities Lisberg, Trabelsdorf , Walsdorf and Kolmsdorf attended the newly founded religious school in Kolmsdorf. In 1869 the school was moved to Trabelsdorf and Walsdorf. The children from Lisberg went to Trabelsdorf.

graveyard

The Jewish cemetery above Lisberg was first mentioned in 1739. In 1904 he was provided with paths by the Bamberg District Office and the graves were given numbers. During the Nazi era , the cemetery was desecrated in 1938 and the intention was to use the cemetery for agricultural purposes. The cemetery wall and some gravestones were removed at that time. In 1985 there were still 139 tombstones.

The last people from the Lisberg community to be buried in the Jewish cemetery were: Isaak Fromm (d. 1896), Scholum Lisberger (1897), Hanna Gerstner (1898), Abraham Gerstner (1904), Ignatz Gerstner (1907), Samuel Gerstner (1908 ), Johanna Fromm (1911), Babette Fromm (1915).

synagogue

The synagogue was housed in a residential building, today Kaulberg 5. It consisted only of the synagogue room. In the years 1871/1872 the dilapidated property was renovated. According to the property tax register entry of 1847, the building belonged to four owners: a quarter (synagogue on the first floor) belonged to the Jewish community. Another quarter each belonged to the community leader and tailor Abraham Michel, Messrs. Jacob and Israel Süßlein, and the merchant Joseph Gerstner. The latter had its living and business premises under the synagogue room. After the unification of the Jewish communities Lisberg and Trabelsdorf (1904) the synagogue was no longer needed.

National Socialist Persecution

From 1920 to 1940 only one Jewish resident lived on site: Lina Fromm (* 1870 in Lisberg) lived in Lisberg until June 16, 1940, after which she moved to the Jewish old people's home in Regensburg and was deported from there . She died in Theresienstadt .

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists five Jewish citizens born in Lisberg who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

Community development

year Parishioners
1809/10 95 people, 16.9% of the population
1824 80 people, 15.3% of the population
1840 77 people, 11% of the population
1852 60 people, 9.1% of the population
1867 39 people, 6.2% of the population
1875 30 people, 5% of the population
1880 39 people, 6.4% of the population
1890 26 people, 4.4% of the population
1900 15 people, 2.9% of the population

literature

  • Jewish rural communities in Upper Franconia 1800–1942. A historical-topographical handbook. Bamberg 1988, ISBN 3-87052-392-1 .
  • The Jewish communities in Bavaria 1918–1945. History and destruction. Munich 1979, ISBN 3-486-48631-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved November 7, 2009.