Jānis Fabriciuss

Jānis Fabriciuss ( Russian Ян Фрицевич Фабрициус * June 14 ^{. Jul} / 26. June 1877 ^greg. In Zlēka, Courland Governorate ; † 24. August 1929 in Sochi ) was a Latvian officer and commissar of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War .

Life

Jānis Fabriciuss was born into a family of Latvian farm workers near Ventspils . In 1894 he graduated from high school. After military service, he worked for a mechanical engineering company in Riga from 1901 and became a member of the RSDLP in 1903 . In 1904 he was sentenced to four years of forced labor with subsequent exile in Yakutia for revolutionary activities . In 1916 he was pardoned to fight against the German Reich in the First World War . In 1917 he became a non-commissioned officer in a Latvian rifle regiment .

As chairman of the regimental soldiers' council after the October Revolution , he became a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in January 1918 and was involved in building up the Red Army. Fabriciuss took on leading positions in the military districts of Gdow and Pskow and distinguished himself in battles against the German army and the guerrilla troops under the command of Stanislaw Bulak-Balachowitsch . As commissioner of the 2nd and 10th Rifle Divisions, he then fought against German and middle-class Latvian troops in the Latvian War of Independence in 1919 . After retreating from Latvia, in August 1919 he led a department for fighting the cavalry units Konstantin Konstantinowitsch Mamontov , which were operating in the Soviet hinterland. As commander of the 48th Brigade (16th Infantry Division) he was then involved in campaigns against General Denikin and in the Polish-Soviet War . In 1921 he took part in the bloody suppression of the Kronstadt sailors' uprising.

From 1922 to 1923 Fabriciuss was the head of the military school in Minsk . From 1927 to 1928 he was in command of the 4th Infantry Corps in Vitebsk . In 1927 he became a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU and in 1928 the second in command of the Caucasus Army.

On August 24, 1929, Fabriciuss drowned while rescuing passengers after a plane crash near the city of Sochi .

souvenir

Fabriciuss was the first to be awarded the Order of the Red Banner four times ; he was very well known in the Soviet Union.

According to Fabriciuss, streets in Moscow , Minsk , Polotsk , Pskow , Sochi , Kiev, etc. a. named.
also the Ministry of Health of Defense in Sochi .
and the Higher Military Aviation Engineering School in Daugavpils
Fabriciuss's monuments were erected in the towns of Ventspils and Gdow .

literature

Елина Н. Железный Мартын // Филателия СССР. - 1977. - № 8. - С. 54.
Кондратьев Н. Д. Ян Фабрициус, М., 1957.

Web links

Individual evidence

↑ Vitebsk. Encyclopedic Reference, ed. "Belarusian Encyclopedia" by Peter Brovki, Minsk, 1988. ISBN 5-85700-004-1

personal data
SURNAME	Fabriciuss, Jānis
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Фабрициус, Ян Фрицевич (Russian); Fabrizius, Jan Frizewitsch (Russian, transcribed)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	soviet military in civil war
DATE OF BIRTH	June 26, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH	Zlēka , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH	August 24, 1929
Place of death	Sochi , Soviet Union

[1] Vitebsk. Encyclopedic Reference, ed. "Belarusian Encyclopedia" by Peter Brovki, Minsk, 1988. ISBN 5-85700-004-1