Jacob Bigeleisen
Jacob Bigeleisen (born May 2, 1919 in Paterson (New Jersey) , † August 7, 2010 in Arlington (Virginia) ) was an American chemist ( nuclear chemistry , physical chemistry ).
Bigeleisen studied at New York University in the Bronx with a bachelor's degree in 1939 and at Washington State University chemistry with a master's degree in 1941 (with Otto Redlich ) and received his doctorate in 1942 at the University of California, Berkeley . At Berkeley he was one of Gilbert Newton Lewis' last students . During World War II he worked on isotope enrichment in the Manhattan Project (in the SAM Lab at Columbia University from 1943 to 1945). After the war he did research at Ohio State University and from 1946 at the University of Chicago (with Harold C. Urey ), was from 1948 at Brookhaven National Laboratory , where he became a senior chemist; and from 1968 professor at the University of Rochester (1970 to 1975 he was chairman of the faculty) and from 1978 at the State University of New York at Stony Brook . In 1989 he became Distinguished Professor Emeritus.
In the Manhattan Project he developed a method of isotope enrichment of uranium-235 by photochemistry, but it was not practical. But it made him a founder of isotope chemistry, especially the influence of isotopes on the kinetics of chemical reactions (which was also developed by Maria Goeppert-Mayer ). This was also the topic of his further research career (influence of isotopes on reaction mechanisms, molecular properties and behavior in the condensed phase, geochemistry). With Urey he dealt with inferences about prehistoric sea water temperature from oxygen isotopes in fossils.
He received the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Prize in 1964 and the Glenn T. Seaborg Award for Nuclear Chemistry in 1958 . In 1974 he was a Guggenheim Fellow. He was a Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences (1966), the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1968).
literature
- Alexander Van Hook, Biographical Memoirs National Academy, pdf
- Biography in Stony Brook
Individual evidence
- ↑ Life data, publications and academic family tree of Jacob Bigeleisen at academictree.org, accessed on January 7, 2018.
- ↑ Career data based on American Men and Women of Science , Thomson Gale 2004
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bigeleisen, Jacob |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American chemist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 2, 1919 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paterson , New Jersey , United States |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 7, 2010 |
| Place of death | Arlington , Virginia , United States |