Jakobskloster Rinteln

The Jakobskloster Rinteln was a nunnery of the Cistercian Sisters, which existed from around 1225/30 to 1560 and was consecrated to the Apostle Jakob , on today's Kollegienplatz in Rinteln .

Preserved monastery building (around 1850) before its demolition

history

Bishopric

The monastery was first in 1203/1208 in bishopric of Count Adolf III. founded by Schaumburg and Holstein, who had just been released from Danish captivity. Bischoperode (Biscopingherode, Bisperode) was east of the Stadthagen settlement he founded later (around 1224) . The current street names Am Johannishof , Großes Klosterfeld and Kleines Klosterfeld suggest that the monastery was in this area.

Rinteln

Around 1225/30 the monastery was relocated by Count Adolf IV of Schaumburg and Holstein to Alt-Rinteln on the right bank of the Weser , and around 1238 to Rinteln on the left, southern bank. The nuns probably lived right from the first installation of their monastery after the Benedictine rule, but sought to continue to incorporation into the Order of the Cistercians. The monastery church was the early Gothic hall church of St. Jakob, which today is the only remaining structural remnant of the former monastery with its simple construction typical of the order and its roof turret.

After Count Otto IV introduced the Reformation in the county of Schaumburg on May 5, 1559 , the monastery was closed in 1563 at his own request.

Later use

Ernst von Schaumburg, who was raised to the rank of prince in 1619, transformed the academic high school he founded in Stadthagen in 1610 into a university , the Alma Ernestina , and moved it to the former building in Rinteln before its inauguration (July 17, 1621) Monastery. Parts of the monastery were redesigned as a "community" (student dormitory), a "Konviktorium" ( cafeteria ) for the scholarship holders and two lecture halls . A library , an instrument room, a pharmacy, etc. were set up and the church became a university church.

During the Thirty Years' War , after the Edict of Restitution was issued by Emperor Ferdinand II on March 6, 1629, under the protection of an imperial occupation from 1630 to 1633 , the buildings were occupied and inhabited by Benedictine monks from Corvey and Benedictine monks expelled from English monasteries. Only then could the small university move in again. However, it remained relatively insignificant and was closed in 1809 by the government of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia .

After Rinteln and part of the former Grafschaft Schaumburg fell in 1640 to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , which had been Protestant and Reformed since 1605 , the Jakobi Church became the garrison church of the Hessian garrison that had existed in Rinteln since 1651 , and in 1659 a Protestant Reformed community was founded for the Hessian officials and soldiers and their families, with the Jakobi Church as the parish church . After a flood in 1754, the church was in danger of collapse. The area around the church was filled up by 1 meter, the roof was removed , the eaves raised by 1 meter, and a new roof and a new, compact tower made of wood were built.

On October 31, 1817, Elector Wilhelm I of Hessen-Kassel had an "academic high school", the Ernestinum Rinteln , set up in the former monastery and university buildings .

A fire in 1857 destroyed the interior of the church. During the renovation that followed, today's organ gallery and organ prospect as well as a new interior painting were created. In 1875 the now dilapidated east and south wings of the former monastery were torn down and replaced by a new school building. The parish apartment and the newly founded Technicum were housed in the remaining west wing. Four years later, the church's wooden tower was demolished and today's roof turret was erected. In 1889, the west wing of the former monastery was also torn down and today's rectory was built. Since then, the Jakobi Church has been the only remnant of the former monastery complex.

52.185822222222 9.0779583333333Coordinates: 52 ° 11 ′ 9 ″ N , 9 ° 4 ′ 40.6 ″ E

swell

Document book of the Rinteln monastery 1224-1563 . Edited by Horst-Rüdiger Jarck (= Schaumburger Studien 43), Rinteln 1982

literature

Gerd Steinwascher: The early history of the Rinteln monastery and its importance for the development of the Grafschaft Schaumburg , in: Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte 58 , Hildesheim, 1986 (p. 143–176)
Carl Heßler (ed.): Hessische Landes- und Volkskunde: The former Kurhessen and the hinterland at the end of the 19th century , Volume 1, 2nd half, Association for Geography in Cassel, Elwert, Marburg, 1907 (pp. 837–839 )

Web links

History of the Evangelical Reformed Jakobi Church in Rinteln

Individual evidence

↑ Gerhard Streich: Monasteries, monasteries and comers in Lower Saxony before the Reformation (studies and preparatory work on the historical atlas Lower Saxony, 30th issue), Lax, Hildesheim, 1986, p. 116
↑ Introduction (pp. 6–7)
↑ He had previously on his brothers Adolf III. von Schaumburg († 1556), and Anton von Schaumburg († 1558), successively Archbishops of Cologne and staunch opponents of the Reformation, had to be considerate.
↑ The English monks then went to Lamspringe .

[1] Gerhard Streich: Monasteries, monasteries and comers in Lower Saxony before the Reformation (studies and preparatory work on the historical atlas Lower Saxony, 30th issue), Lax, Hildesheim, 1986, p. 116

[2] Introduction (pp. 6–7)

[3] He had previously on his brothers Adolf III. von Schaumburg († 1556), and Anton von Schaumburg († 1558), successively Archbishops of Cologne and staunch opponents of the Reformation, had to be considerate.

[4] The English monks then went to Lamspringe .