Jan Šrámek

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Jan Šrámek

Jan Šrámek (born August 12, 1870 in Grygov , † April 22, 1956 in Prague ) was a Czech Roman Catholic clergyman and Czechoslovak politician. He was active in many governments from 1918 to 1948.

Political career

Šrámek studied theology in Olomouc and then worked as a clergyman and teacher of Christian theology in Moravia. Influenced by the encyclical Rerum Novarum of Pope Leo XIII. he organized a Christian-social political movement in their spirit. In 1894 he became chairman of the Moravian-Silesian Christian-Social Party , from 1906 to 1918 he was a member of the Moravian state parliament and from 1907 to 1918 a member of the Reichsrat in Vienna.

After the establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918, he tried to consolidate the Catholic forces. In January 1919 he was instrumental in founding the Czechoslovak People's Party (ČSL), in which most of the country's Catholic currents were united. Šrámek became its chairman for many years. He was also a member of the National Assembly (1920-1939) and minister in all Czechoslovak governments from 1921 to 1938.

After the German occupation of the country as a result of the Munich Agreement , he was a staunch advocate of the resistance. He went abroad and organized the Czechoslovak movement there: in October 1939 he became deputy chairman of the Czechoslovak National Committee in Paris, and from 1940 to 1945 he was Prime Minister of the Czechoslovak government in exile in London.

After 1945 he was Deputy Prime Minister in the Fierlinger I and Fierlinger II governments and also in the Klement Gottwald I government . After the Communist seizure of power in February 1948, he resigned and in March 1948 he was arrested while trying to leave the country illegally. After Klement Gottwald received a general amnesty , Šrámek had the choice of where he would stay under house arrest until the end of his life. So he spent these years in a monastery with nuns in Brno .

See also

swell

  • Zakázaný document. Zpráva komise ÚV KSČ o politických procesech a rehabilitacích v Československu 1949–68 (Prohibited document. Report of the Commission of the Central Committee of the KSČ on the political processes and rehabilitation in Czechoslovakia 1949–68), Europa-Verlag, Vienna 1970 (Czech edition), Introduction and closing words by Jiří Pelikán
  • Milan Churaň a kolektiv, Kdo byl kdo v našich dějinách ve 20. století (Who was who in our history of the 20th century), Libri, Prague 1998, part 1 and 2, ISBN 80-85983-44-3 and ISBN 80- 85983-64-8 , online at: www.libri.cz
  • Jan Šrámek, short biography of the Czech government, online at: www.vlada.cz/.../jan-sramek , Czech

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Šrámek, Jan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech clergyman and Czechoslovak politician
DATE OF BIRTH August 12, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Grygov
DATE OF DEATH April 22, 1956
Place of death Prague