Jan Jansky
Jan Janský (born April 3, 1873 in Prague , † September 8, 1921 in Horní Černošice ) was a Czech doctor, psychiatrist and neurologist . He discovered the four blood types .
Life
The son of a businessman attended high school and, after graduating from high school, began studying medicine at Prague University , which he finished in 1898. From 1899 he worked as a doctor at the Psychiatric Clinic in Prague.
He looked for a connection between blood clotting ( hemagglutination ) and mental illness. The conclusion of his long-term research was that there is no connection. He published his results in his book Hematologická studie u psychotiků . As a by-product of his research, Janský categorized the blood into four groups, which he designated with Roman numerals I to IV.
Jansky did not pursue the investigations any further; psychiatry remained the focus of his interest. He also carried out neurological examinations and devoted himself intensively to researching cerebral fluid.
In 1914 he was appointed professor at the Czech University and deputy director of the psychiatric clinic. In the same year he had to go to the front and in 1916 returned home after a heart attack, released from military service. After the end of the First World War he took over the management of the neuropsychiatric department of the soldiers' hospital in Prague. He died three years later of complications from angina pectoris .
In 1921 he was recognized by the American Medical Commission as the discoverer of the four blood groups. Karl Landsteiner carried out a grouping before him, but only divided the blood groups into three categories.
Jansky wrote a large number of scientific papers, mostly dealing with psychiatric problems. In addition, he propagated blood donation . Even today, voluntary blood donors are awarded the medal of Prof. Mudr Jan Janský as recognition .
In 1953, in what was then the ČSR , a film biography about Jan Janský was made under the direction of Martin Frič under the title “The Secret of Blood”.
literature
- Janský Jan. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 3, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1965, p. 77.
Web links
- Literature and other media by and about Jan Janský in the catalog of the National Library of the Czech Republic
- Jan Janský: tajemství lidské krve. In: hn.ihned.cz of February 20, 2009.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Jansky, Jan |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Czech psychiatrist and neurologist, discoverer of the four blood groups |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 3, 1873 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Prague |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 8, 1921 |
| Place of death | Horní Černošice |