Jayaprakash Narayan
Jayaprakash Narayan ( , Hindi जयप्रकाश नारायण , Jayaprakāś Nārāyaṇ ; born October 11, 1902 in Sitabdiara , Ballia district , Uttar Pradesh ; † October 8, 1979 in Patna , Bihar ) was an Indian socialist activist and freedom fighter.
Life
Narayan was born in a small village in what is now western Bihar . He received his schooling mainly in Patna and he came into contact with the Indian autonomy movement under Mohandas Gandhi at an early stage. Narayan studied in the USA and came into contact with Marxism there . After returning to India, he quickly became politically active there. He married the freedom fighter Prabhavati Devi . In 1934 he was one of the co-founders of the Congress Socialist Party (CSP), a socialist group within the Indian National Congress , of which Narayan was general secretary from 1934 to 1948. Within Congress he fought for a socialist policy and was skeptical of Mohandas Gandhi's demand for absolute non-violence. In 1942 he was one of the most active organizers of the "Quit India" movement with the CSP . After India's independence, the differences within the congress party intensified and the socialists under Narayan left it in 1948 and founded their own party, the Socialist Party of India .
Narayan was best known for his role in the 1970s as a political opponent of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi . In 1974 he proclaimed in Bihar the "total revolution" ( total revolution ), which should include a basic socialist reconstruction of Indian society. Against the background of a chronic economic crisis, high unemployment and a lack of prospects for the youth, a mass movement emerged that became known as the Bihar movement ( Sampurna kranti , "Bihar movement"). This social revolutionary movement was one of the main reasons why Indira Gandhi declared a state of emergency in 1975 . During the 1975-77 State of Emergency, Narayan was imprisoned with tens of thousands of others. While in custody, he developed kidney failure and was on dialysis for the rest of his life . After the state of emergency was lifted, he played an important role in the formation of the Janata Party as an opposition to Indira Gandhi's congress party.
He received the Ramon Magsaysay Prize in 1965 and, posthumously, the Indian State Order Bharat Ratna in 1998 .
The title "Narayan" by The Prodigy is also dedicated to him.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://www.academia.edu/33400615/CONGRESS_SOCIALIST_PARTY_CSP_AT_A_GLANCE_AND_SHORT_PROFILES_WORKS_OF_ITS_LEADERS
- ↑ JP`s village gets power 65 yrs after Independence. zeenwes.india.com, April 22, 2012, accessed January 15, 2017 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Narayan, Jayaprakash |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | जयप्रकाश नारायण |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Indian freedom fighter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 11, 1902 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sitabdiara , Ballia , Uttar Pradesh |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 8, 1979 |
| Place of death | Patna , Bihar |