Jean-Gaspard Deburau
Jean-Gaspard Deburau (occasionally Jean-Baptiste, Baptiste, also Debur e au; actually Jan Kašpar Dvořák ; born July 31, 1796 in Kolín , Bohemia , † June 17, 1846 in Paris ) was a Bohemian- French pantomime .
Life
He was born the son of the tightrope walker Philippe Germain Deburau and the domestic servant Katerina Králová (also known as Catherine Graff) in the Bohemian city of Kolín. In 1811 his family came to Paris and settled there on rue Saint-Maur , where they gave artistic performances.
Deburau soon became the figurehead of the Théâtre des Funambules . His typical tragic stage figure of Pierrot , a moonstruck lover dressed in flowing white robes and suffering in silence, contrasted with the characters of the melodramas that were in vogue at the time. His representations in the field of pantomime were closely related to this character, which was based on the mask of Pedrolino of the Italian Commedia dell'arte , but which he had adapted to the tastes of the Parisian public.
Deburau was also a master at stick fighting. When he hit the attacker with a stick in a robbery to defend his wife and therefore had to appear in court, numerous spectators came to hear him speak.
Deburau died in Paris and was buried there in the Père Lachaise cemetery (59th Division). After his death, his son Jean-Charles Deburau (1829–1873) took over the character developed by his father and helped establish the French Pierrot as a stage character.
Trivia
In the 1938 German film Tanz auf dem Vulkan , Jean-Gaspard Deburau (here “Debureau”) is played by Gustaf Gründgens .
In 1945, Jean-Louis Barrault embodied an interpretation in the film Children of Olympus : the character ( sic !) Baptiste Debureau.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Dworžak, Johann Kaspar . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 3rd part. Typogr.-literar.-artist publishing house. Establishment (L. C. Zamarski, C. Dittmarsch & Comp.), Vienna 1858, pp. 403-405 ( digitized version ).
- Egon Erwin Kisch : "Pierrot, der Totschläger" in: Prager Pitaval / Late Reportages, Collected Works in Individual Editions II / 2, edited by Bodo Uhse and Gisela Kisch, Berlin and Weimar / GDR 1969, pp. 240–244.
- Jules-François-Félix Husson (also: Jules Champfleury ): Souvenirs des Funambules. Bohème, Paris 1859, Slatkine Reprints, Geneva 1971.
Web links
- Literature by and about Jean-Gaspard Deburau in the catalog of the German National Library
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Deburau, Jean-Gaspard |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Dvořák, Jan Kašpar; Deburau, Baptiste; Deburau, Jean-Baptiste; Debureau, Jean-Gaspard |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French pantomime |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 31, 1796 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Kolín , Bohemia |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 17, 1846 |
| Place of death | Paris |