Jean Pierre Pury

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Jean Pierre or Hans Peter Pury (* 1675 in Neuchâtel ; † August 17, 1736 in Purrysburg) was a Swiss geographer, colonialist and explorer. He became known for his climate theory.

Life

Hans Peter Pury was born into a patrician, Calvinist craftsman family, his parents Heinrich and Marie died young, he married in 1695 and had eight children with the pastor's daughter Lucrèce Chaillet , including David de Pury, who grew up in the orphanage . He was unsuccessful as a wine merchant. After bankruptcy, he went from Amsterdam via South Africa to the Dutch Batavia in 1713/14 as a corporal on behalf of the Dutch East India Company . There he first worked as a lecturer for the French language. Its commercial region should be the southern region ( New Holland ) named after Pieter Nuyts .

He developed a theory of climatic geography to determine the perfect places of colonization, which he described in 1718 as Mémoire sur le Pays des Cafres et la Terre de Nuyts, par rapport à l'utilité que la Compagnie des Indes Orientales en pourroit retirer pour son commerce published. Pury distinguished twelve climatic zones between the poles and the equator, of which the fifth around the 33rd parallel is ideal for settlement colonization because of its fertility. He oriented himself towards viticulture and also wanted to use slaves who would benefit from contact with civilization. He received no funding from the Batavian officials, who were more interested in trade, so that he left the country in 1719.

He received further support from the British ambassador in Paris 1724-30 Horace Walpole to start the project in the northern hemisphere in South Carolina . Around a hundred people from Neuchâtel were supposed to emigrate there, but funding failed. The new governor, Robert Johnson , opened up the possibility of new negotiations in 1730. 600 emigrants should come in six years, 12,000 acres of land should be available tax-free. Pury went to South Carolina in 1731 and chose the site to found Purrysburg . At the same time, began advertising Description abrégée de la Caroline to attract settlers. In 1732 the first came to the newly founded colony, a total of approx. 400 people. However, the first harvests were not enough there. In 1736 the founder died of malaria. Many families moved on, the place was not permanent.

Fonts

  • Mémoire sur le pais des Cafres et la terre des Nuyts: Par rapport à l'utilité que la Compagnie des Indes orientales pourroit en retirer pour son commerce , Pierre Humbert, Amsterdam, 1718.
  • Second mémoire sur le pais des Cafres et la terre des Nuyts: Servant d'éclaircissement aux propositions faites dans le premier, pour l'utilité de la Compagnie des Indes orientales , Pierre Humbert, Amsterdam, 1718.
  • Mémoire présenté à Sa Gr. Mylord Duc de Newcastle ... sur l'état présent de la Caroline et sur les moyens de l'améliorer , London, G. Bowyer, 1724. Memorial
  • Speculation sur les changes étrangers, pour la commodité des banquiers et autres négocians, contentant le juste rapport avec les principales place d'Europe , Paris, Knapen, 1726.
  • Description abrégée de l'état présent de la Caroline Méridionale , Neuchâtel, 1732.

literature

  • Louis-Edouard Roulet : Jean-Pierre Pury et ses projets de colonies en Afrique du Sud et en Australie In: Musée Neuchâtelois (1994): 49-63
  • Louis-Edouard Roulet, Jean-Pierre Pury, explorateur, 1675–1736 . In: M: Schlup (Ed.) : Biographies Neuchâteloises , Vol. 1, Hauterive, 1996, pp. 237-42
  • Carlo Ginzburg : Latitude, Slaves, and the Bible: An Experiment in Microhistory. In: Critical Inquiry, Vol. 31, No. 3 (2005), pp. 665-683 PDF file
  • Nadir Weber: Local Interests and Great Strategy: The Principality of Neuchâtel and the Political Relationships of the Kings of Prussia (1707-1806) . Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2015, ISBN 978-3-412-22451-6 ( google.de [accessed on March 31, 2020]).

Web links

  • Lucienne Hubler: Pury, Jean Pierre. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland. 2012, accessed March 31, 2020 .
  • Frederic Inderwildi: Pury. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland. Retrieved April 1, 2020 .

Single receipts

  1. ↑ Rowland Moore: Purrysburg. In: The History of Beaufort County, South Carolina . 1996, accessed April 1, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Pury, Jean Pierre
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Puri, Hans Peter
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Colony founder in South Carolina
DATE OF BIRTH 1675
PLACE OF BIRTH Neuchâtel NE
DATE OF DEATH 17th August 1736
Place of death Purrysburg