Joachim Sparr
Joachim Sparr (* around 1525/30, † October 7, 1571 at Lepanto ), often in literature also Joachim Sparr von Trampe , more correct would be Joachim von Sparr , was a knight of the Order of St. John . From 1568 until his death he held the office of the Grand Baillis of his order and was thus responsible for the fortifications in Malta. He was also a commander in charge of several commendants of the Order of St. John in Germany. In 1571 he fell in the sea battle of Lepanto . The von Trampe denotes its place of origin Trampe in the Barnim district in Brandenburg .
Life and career
Joachim Sparr came from a wealthy family in the Barnim countryside in Brandenburg . His date of birth and parents are not (for sure) known. Theodor Mörner made him son of Christoph von Sparr (1518–1561). According to the four ancestral coats of arms on the epitaph in Berlin's Marienkirche, which is described in more detail later, his mother was born von Schlieben, his paternal grandmother was born von Britzke, and his maternal grandmother was born von Kracht. According to their names, Joachim's mother and grandmothers belonged to Markbrandenburg noble families. On the basis of this coat of arms, Mörner assumes that his alleged father was married to one of Schlieben.
According to the catalog of revocations in the Alemannia Grand Priory, Joachim Sparr's revolt in the Order of St. John is said to have taken place on August 1, 1547 in a West German commander. A year earlier, his two brothers Christoph and Johann had also joined the Order of St. John. Hartmann explains the revolt in a West German Kommende (instead of Malta) that the Sparr came to the Mainz area as possible followers of Albrecht von Brandenburg . Archbishop Albrecht von Brandenburg had his chamberlain Heinrich (von) Sparr († 1526) erected an elaborate grave monument in Groß-Steinheim near Hanau, parts of which are now kept in the Hessian State Museum. It would therefore be conceivable that Joachim Sparr was a son of this Heinrich, he was certainly related to him.
The text of a coat of arms by Joachim Sparr has come down to us, which was once hung in the Heiliggrab chapel of the Johanniterkommende in Mainz . According to this information, he was accepted into the Order of St. John on August 1, 1547. After that he would have performed the usual services ( caravans ) in Malta. In 1553 he was appointed commander of Herrenstrunden , and it is very likely that he also received the commander in Burg an der Wupper . There he was the successor of Nikolaus Stolz. In 1555 he had the chapel in Herrenstrunden renewed. The round window in the church in Herrenstrunden, dated 1556, shows commander Joachim Sparr. He also had a still preserved bell made for the church. The inscription on the bell says: Joachim Sparr de Trampe, commendator in Herren-Strun me fieri fecit 1555. In 1555 he was also appointed commendator of the commander in Mainz and Nieder-Weisel . In 1567 (until 1571) he also received the commander in Nidda . He presided over those who were to come until his death. On July 5, 1568 he was elected Grand Bailli in Malta. In this role he was responsible for the fortifications in Malta. The office of Großbailli was traditionally occupied by a representative of the German tongue of the Order of St. John.
The Brandenburg Balli of the Order of St. John had achieved a position almost independent of the rest of the Order through the Heimbach settlement in 1382 . The Ballei chose their master master itself. In 1538 this ball had gone over to Protestantism. Because of his Brandenburg origins, Joachim Sparr became the liaison officer for the Brandenburg Ballei. When Master Master Thomas Runge refused to appear before the General Chapter in Malta, Joachim Sparr was eligible for the office of Bailli von Brandenburg on January 11th. In 1560/61 he endeavored with the chapter of the Brandenburg Ballei to get a commander of the Ballei. But he was unsuccessful. However, he did not have the (claim) title of Bailli von Brandenburg, which Grand Prior Philipp Flach von Schwarzenberg introduced in 1589. The titular Bailli of Brandenburg was one of the so-called Grand Cross bearers of the Order of St. John, whose main branch, which had remained Catholic, gradually became known as the Order of Malta.
Death in the naval battle of Lepanto
In St. Mary's Church in Berlin in the family vault which is located by rafter the following table:
“Memento Mori. Anno Domini 1571 on October 7th, the venerable noble and stern Mr. Joachim Sparr was born from the house of Trampe, Knight S. Johannis-Ordens, Groß-Ballei in Germany, Commentor zu Maynz, and Wigstill, in the Christians victorious battle on the sea happened at the Golfo de Lepante against the Turks, by a shot in God blessedly different, and buried in the island of Malta, where all souls who believe in Christ should be gracious to God. His funeral epitaph can be found in this form, both in Franckfurt am Mayn in the Johanniter Church and in Würzburg in the Thumb. Text, Luc. XIV.31. Ps. 39: Lord teach me etc. "
That Joachim Sparr found death in the sea battle of Lepanto is not only clear from this text. However, it has not yet been possible to find out which ship of the Holy League he fought on. The Order of St. John provided three galleys for the fleet of the Holy League , which were arranged on the right wing. The main galley of Malta Capitana di Malta under the command of Admiral Pietro Giustiani formed the right outer end of the battle line. Opposite the galleys of the order stood the galleys of the Algerian corsair and vice-commander-in-chief Kılıç Ali Pasha . Due to the exposed position at the end of the right wing, the galleys of the Order of St. John were in severe distress, as the battle line of the Ottoman fleet towered over that of the Holy League. Kılıç Ali Pasha managed to enclose a group of galleys on the edge of the right wing. He was finally able to board the Capitana di Malta and tow it. But after the reserve squadron of the Holy League entered the fight, he had to leave the ship to the enemy again. The soldiers of the Holy League who boarded the ship again found only two unconscious, seriously injured Knights of St. John and a chaplain of survivors. It is possible that Joachim Sparr did not find his death on the main galley of the order, but on another ship. The order's other two galleys had also been fiercely contested.
According to a note in Stefan Hanß, Lepanto as an event: ... but (in addition) 60 Knights of St. John, including the Bailo from Germany , are said to have fought on the Genoese galley of Niccolò Doria. The Genoese galley of Dorias stood next to the three order galleys and was also heavily harassed by the galleys of Kılıç Ali Pascha. It is therefore also conceivable that he was killed by a shot on this ship. Kılıç Ali Pasha finally managed to break through the lines of the Holy League with 30 ships. On his return to Constantinople, he laid the great flag of the main galley of Malta at the feet of Sultan Selim II . The naval battle of Lepanto ended with an overwhelming victory for the Holy League.
literature
- Helmut Hartmann: The Commander of the Mainz Johanniter commander. Mainzer Zeitschrift, 76: 103–124, Mainz 1981, p. 112/13 (hereinafter abbreviated to Hartmann, Commander with the corresponding page number)
Individual evidence
- ↑ George Adalbert von Mülverstedt (arrangement), Adolf Matthias Hildebrandt (illustration): J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms. Vol. 6, Abth. 5. The dead nobility of the province and Mark Brandenburg. New, fully ordered and richly increased edition, Bauer & Raspe, Nuremberg; 1880 Online at Goettingen State and University Library: Goettinger Digitization Center , p. 88 and plate 53.
- ↑ a b Theodor von Mörner: Märkische war colonels of the seventh century. Published by Wilhelm Hertz, Berlin 1861 Online at Google Books
- ↑ Hartmann, Commander, p. 112.
- ^ Anton Balthasar König: Historically remarkable contributions to the war history of the great Elector Friedrich Wilhelms in the biography of Otto Chtristophs Freyherrn v. Spar. Franzen and Grosse, Stendal 1793 Online at Google Books , p. 78.
- ^ Stefan Hanß: Lepanto as an event: decentering story (s) of the sea battle of Lepanto (1571). V&R unipress, Göttingen, 2017 ISBN 9783847107682 , p. 244
- ↑ Johann Simon Schinhammer: The Battle of Lepanto. Mayr, Stadtamhof, 1862 Online at Google Books
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sparr, Joachim |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Sparr von Trampe, Joachim (full name); Sparr, Joachim von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German Knights of the Order (Order of St. John) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1525 |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 7, 1571 |
| Place of death | at Lepanto |