Johan van Rijswijck

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Johan van Rijswijck (* around 1550 in Middelburg (?); † January 25, 1612 in Varenholz ) was a Dutch fortress builder .

biography

Johan van Rijswijck came from a noble family from Brabant . He became an engineer and fortress builder. As such he was in the service of Moritz von Oranien from 1586 to 1600 . He designed some fortifications in the Netherlands . From 1600 he was in the service of Count Simon VI. to the lip . Since then he has been busy building fortresses in northern Germany for the cities of Lipperode (1600), Bremen (1601 and 1603), Lingen (1602), Lübeck (1604) and Hamburg (1608). After a brief activity for the city of Ulm , he returned to the county around 1609Lippe-Detmold . Here he became the Lippe Privy Councilor .

Fortress in Bremen

Bremen as a fortress; above the old town and below the new town

Around 1599/1600 the Bremen council tried to find an experienced fortress builder. Wilhelm Ludwig, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, suggested van Rijswijk, who was developing fortification plans in Lipperode, so that he could not begin until 1601 in Bremen. He described the existing deficiencies and spoke out in favor of a fortification system "with seven bulwarks " on the Neustadt side and a total reconstruction of the Bremen city wall in front of the old town. In 1602, according to his plans, construction work began in the west between the Weser and the Dovetor and, after interruptions, in the area from Ostertor to Herdentor. From 1611, the Dutch Rijswijck student Johan van Valckenburgh (around 1575-1625) continued the work that was completed on the Neustadt side in 1627 as the planner of the fortifications.

literature

  • Jürgen Soenke: Johan van Rijswijck and Johan van Valckenburgh - The fortification of German cities and residences 1600–1625 by Dutch engineering officers . Announcements of the Minden History Association, year 46, 1974, pp. 9–39.
  • Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .
personal data
SURNAME Rijswijck, Johan van
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rijswijk, Johann von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch fortress builder
DATE OF BIRTH around 1550
PLACE OF BIRTH Middelburg
DATE OF DEATH January 25, 1612
Place of death Varenholz