Johann Friedrich Heynatz

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Johann Friedrich Heynatz (* July 17, 1744 in Havelberg ; † March 5, 1809 in Frankfurt (Oder) ) was a German pedagogue, philologist and linguist, hobby gardener, from 1791 also professor of eloquence and beautiful sciences at the University of Frankfurt ( Or).

job

In addition to writing extensive literature, Heynatz dealt with discourses on the theories of language norms .

Leading varieties

He shared the view that literary language (“book language”) in particular should be accorded the status of a leading variety. In his “Letters concerning the German language” (Briefe 1771/1776, I, p. 34), he wrote: “The standard German language, as it lives in scriptures, is the general pattern according to which all (.. .) are owed to judge. The language teacher (...) can make little or no decision when he has the use of good writers against him. ”The influence of grammarography is rather small in relation to that of the writer.

Writer's responsibility

In this context, Heynatz addressed a topic that to date has retained its relevance, if not increased. The importance of the literary language means that writers have a special responsibility with regard to their influence on the written language up to its standardization.

Competitions

From this requirement, writers and, above all, linguists, expressly derived a right to actively participate in the language standardization debate. According to the self-image of the authors, it was always about the "improvement" of German (Heynatz 1801). The express orientation towards "language accuracy" also testifies that practically the same ambition was pursued in corresponding publications. Even puristic horizons could be meaningfully incorporated here (Heynatz 1796). Heynatz even accused the linguist Johann Christoph Gottsched of “sole trade in the German language” (ibid. IV, p. 163). “One could divide the history of German language teaching or language improvement in general into three large periods. The first would go from the invention of the art of printing up to the year 1748, in which Gottsched let his linguistic teaching come to light, the second up to Gottsched's death in 1766, and the third up to the present time. ”(Ibid., V, P. 127).

Works

  • Heynatz, Johann Friedrich (1770): German language teaching for the use of schools. Berlin. Johann Friedrich Heynatz, Rector of Frankfurt an der Oder, Handbook on the correct preparation and assessment of all kinds of written essays on common life in general, and letters in particular, Berlin 1770
  • Heynatz, Johann Friedrich: Letters concerning the German language, 6 vol., Berlin 1771–76
  • Heynatz, Johann Friedrich: German language teaching for the use of schools. Second, increased and improved edition, Berlin 1772
  • dto. third verm. and verb. Ed., Berlin. Wever. 1779. XXIV, 803 pp.
  • Heynatz, Johann Friedrich: Instructions for the German language. Berlin 1785.
  • Heynatz, Johann Friedrich German language teaching for the use of schools Fifth increased and improved edition, is bound up with: The teaching of punctuation. 1803, Reprint: Hildesheim 2006. Edited by Petra Ewald. 470 p., Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim
  • Heynatz, Johann Friedrich: An attempt at a German anti-barbarus or directory of such words, which one must either abstain from in the pure German spelling or at least in certain meanings, Berlin 1796
  • Heynatz, Johann Friedrich (Ed.): M. Christian Pescheks general German arithmetic lessons: in which the 5 species of arithmetic ... along with you. u. indir. rule of tri ... ud progression calculation ... are presented in detail and clearly using useful examples for the 2nd time verb. u. verm. ed., 552 p., Zittau 1897, 3rd edition Zittau 1809
  • Heynatz, Johann Friedrich (Hrsg.): New contributions to the improvement of the German language - from a society connected language friends. Kierry 1801
  • Heynatz, JF: Märkisches kitchen garden book, Frankfurt / O. 1808
    • As editor he was in charge of the last two volumes of Samuel Buchholtz's Brandenburg history after his death.

literature

Literature I

  • Deust, Johann Kaspar : Second part of the Heynatzische Sprachlehre for the use of schools, or comments on the same with an encore and a content , Liegnitz 1773
  • Deust, Johann Kaspar : Supplement to Mr. Heynatzen's letters concerning the German language, first and second division , Liegnitz 1775, third division, Liegnitz 1776
  • Jahn, Günter: Johann Friedrich Heynatz - a forgotten scholar, schoolboy and garden friend of the Enlightenment , Frankfurter Jahrbuch 1999, p. 49, Frankfurt / O. 1999 ISBN 3933416078
  • Schmiedtgen, Johann GD: Presentation of conspicuous errors in the German language in dealing with common life and the means to improve it. A side piece on Heynatz Antibarbarus in Letters , Leipzig 1799
  • Rudolf Schwarze :  Heynatz, Joh. Friedr . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, p. 374 f.

Literature II (sources)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ grammarography . uni-erfurt.de. Archived from the original on June 10, 2007. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Heynatz, Johann Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German scholar and writer
DATE OF BIRTH July 17, 1744
PLACE OF BIRTH Havelberg
DATE OF DEATH March 5, 1809
Place of death Frankfurt (Oder) , Germany