Johann Jakob Franz Vicarius

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johann Jakob Franz Vicarius (* 1664 in Laufenburg ; † 1716 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German doctor , toxicologist and university professor .

Life

Johann Jakob Franz Vicarius was born in 1664 in Laufenburg, then in Upper Austria . After completing his studies, he practiced as a city ​​physician in Waldshut until 1691 . Vicarius attributed negative health effects to the tobacco brew produced when smoking a pipe . Vicarius developed the so-called sponge box in Waldshut at the end of the 1980s, which he attached as a filter to the extended pipe stem between the pipe bowl and the mouthpiece. He is considered to be the inventor of the modern tobacco pipe. A production of tobacco pipes according to his proposals in Vienna is documented from 1693 onwards.

As a result of the ongoing French occupation of Freiburg im Breisgau from 1677, the Albertina in western Austria was relocated to Constance in 1686 . Vicarius received a professorship at the Albertina in Constance after 1691 because of his qualifications, which were proven by numerous publications . In Constance, Vicarius developed the first chemical method for the detection of lead sugar added to wine with criminal intent . The addition of solid or liquid alkalis in clear, aqueous solutions leads to cloudiness in the presence of lead sugar. Other research areas of Vicarius were the chemical-mineralogical composition of medicinal waters . Vicarius became a member of the Academia Caesareo-Leopoldinae in 1697 under the academic name Anaximander . In 1710 Vicarius moved as the Albertina was relocated to Freiburg Breisgau, where he died in 1716.

Works

  • Novus ac proficuus valdè modus fumandi tabacum , Ephem. naturae curiosorum, 1689, at. VIII, pp. 76-80.
  • Basis universae medicinae in quinque libros institutionum pro veteri more divisa ac juxta neotericos in principiis mathematicis, mechanicis & anatomicis fundata ... , Typis Francisci Xav. Straub, Konstanz, 1698, [16], 333, [11] p.
  • Hydrophilacium novum, seu discursus de aquis salubribus mineralibus vere novus, in quo aquae minerales tam potabiles quam balneabiles omnes cujuscunque sint indolis tam theoretice quam practice methodo hactenus nunquam tradita enucleantur, ususque earum verus assignatur . Ulm, Kroniger u. Goebel, 1699. 8 ll., 272 pp.
  • Tractatus de intemperato Hippocratico, seu Cacochymiis Galen: in tres libros divisus: quorum primus mixtionem corporum naturalium, secundus temperiem naturalem, & tertius ipsum intemperatum morbosum juxta neotericum mathematico-mechanico Chymica Principia, tam quam philosophicè Medice enodat ... , sumptibus Dieterici Lerse, Strasbourg, 1712, [16] -201 pp.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Exner, Wilhelm Franz: Contributions to the history of the trade and inventions of Austria: series. Engineering, scientific and musical instruments, teaching, Braumüller, Vienna, 1873, p. 443
  2. ^ Communications from the Austrian Geographical Society, Austrian Geographical Society, Vienna, 1944, volumes 87–90, p. 81.
  3. ↑ www.uniarchiv.uni-freiburg.de
  4. ↑ Johann Jakob Franz Vicarius: How the country folk may heal the epidemic dysentery . In: The Roman Imperial Academy of Natural Scientists selected medical, surgical, anatomical, chemical and botanical treatises . tape 19 , 1770, pp. 291 ff . ( google.de - example of his numerous publications).
  5. ^ Kopp, Hermann: Geschichte der Chemie, Volume 4, Vieweg, Braunschweig, 1847, p. 134.
  6. ^ Academiae Caesareo-Leopoldinae naturae curiosorum ephemerides, Riegel, Frankfurt and Leipzig, 1712, Catalogus.
personal data
SURNAME Vicarius, Johann Jakob Franz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Anaximander
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor, toxicologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH 1664
PLACE OF BIRTH Laufenburg
DATE OF DEATH 1716
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau