Johanna Naber

Johanna Naber, approx. 1898

Johanna Naber (real name Johanna Wilhelmina Antoinette Naber ; born March 25, 1859 in Haarlem , † May 30, 1941 in The Hague ) was a Dutch author , feminist and the first historian of the Dutch women's movement. She actively campaigned for women's rights and was the founder of the “International Archives for the Women's Movement” (IAV), from which today's Aletta, instituut voor vrouwengeschiedenis emerged.

Life

Johanna Naber came from a Protestant family. Her father, Samuel Adrianus Naber , was a university professor of Greek and Latin literature. Her father refused her permission to study at the university because he found this incompatible with the duties of women at the time. Johanna Naber therefore attended the Hogere burgerschool (HBS) and obtained a diploma at the cooking and household school as well as a diploma as an assistant teacher (Hulponderwijzer) at the state school for arts and crafts (Rijksschool voor de kunstnijverheid) . She remained unmarried, lived with her parents and looked after the household until their death. She only moved into her own apartment at the age of 77. Regardless of her household chores - Naber also looked after two of her single brothers - her father did not want his daughter to become a "house slave" (Huissloofje) . Since Naber was often sick and could not attend school regularly, she received tutoring from her father. Her father also aroused her interest in science. Inspired by discussions about politics and religion that Naber had with pastor and university professor Allard Pierson (1831-1896), JA Thijm (1820-1889) and AC Wertheim (1832-1897), she published her first historical work in Kracht in 1890 Zwakheid I, Het beeld van Angélique Arnauld, abdis van Port Royal (1591–1661) .

After the age of 30, Naber made acquaintance with feminism under the influence of the activist for economic independence for women Jeltje de Bosch Kemper (1836–1916). As early as 1887 she published her first book Handleiding bij het kunstnaaldwerk under the pseudonym “Rechlindis” (for example: Instructions for the art of sewing ). This was followed by various biographies about important women of the women's movement and about princesses, including Elizabeth Wolff-Bekker , Agatha Deken and Jelte de Bosch Kemper.

Act

Johanna Naber was of the opinion that women outside the “narrow walls of their house” (narrow muren van hair huis) also have responsibility and should not be brought up as wives and mothers alone. Among other things, she campaigned for the expansion of women's work and in 1910 opposed a draft law that provided for dismissal for married women. With her publication Eerste Proeve van een Chronological Overzicht van de Geschiedenis der Vrouwen Moving in Nederland (“First attempt at a chronological overview of the history of the women's movement in the Netherlands”), published in 1937 , she laid the basis for the later standard work by Willemijn Posthumus-van der Goot : Van moeder op butter .

In 1898 Naber became a member of the “Association for Women's Suffrage” (“Vereniging voor Vrouwenkiesrecht”, VvVK) and later worked as a secretary to the board. From 1904 to 1906, she was the first Dutch woman board member of the World Federation for women's suffrage (Engl. International Woman Suffrage Alliance , IWSA. Dutch Wereldbond voor Vrouwenkiesrecht ). In addition, she became one of the organizers of the "International Congress of the World Federation" ("Internationale Concres van de Wereldbond"), which took place in 1908 in the Amsterdam Concertgebouw . In 1914 she founded the magazine Nederlandsche Vrouwengids ("Dutch Women's Guide") and in 1918 she was a candidate for the parliamentary elections (Kamerverkiezingen) for the "Bond van Vrije Liberalen" ("League of Free Liberals" ) . Two years later she came for the party "De Vrijheidsbond" ("The Freedom League") in the Amsterdam City Council. She stayed there for 18 months. Between 1917 and 1922 she was president of the "National Women's Council" ("Presidente van de Nationale Vrouwenrad").

Due to her organizational talent and the fact that she was able to present her opinions convincingly, Naber's mother also became a member of the VvVK. Her father gave up his aversion to women's suffrage and wrote a benevolent article in De Nederlandsche Vrouwengids . Together with Rosa Manus and Willemijn Posthumus-van der Goot, Johanna Naber founded the “International Archives for the Women's Movement” in 1935 (“Internationaal Archief voor de Vrouwenbewegung”, IAV. Later IIAV.). “DAS IIAV was founded in 1935 by the feminists Rosa Manus, Johanna Naber and Willemijn Posthumus-van der Goot. Their goal was to advance the scientific research of the women's movement ”. After the Second World War , an attempt was made to rebuild the archive in 1947.

Since 2009 the IIAV has been called Aletta, instituut voor vrouwengeschiedenis .

Johanna Naber Prize

The Johanna WA Naberprijs was founded in 1989 by the "Stichting voor Jaarboek Vrouwengeschiedenis" ( "Foundation Yearbook for Women's History") with the aim of the research in the field of women's history to promote. In 2000, the award ceremony was carried out by the Aletta en de Vereniging voor Vrouwengeschiedenis (VVG) and the IIAV, and since 2009 by the Aletta, instituut voor vrouwengeschiedenis .

Publications (selection)

Rechlindis (pseudonym): Handleiding bij het kunstnaaldwerk . Johanna WA Naber. Uitgeverij Bohn, Haarlem 1887
Het college van curatoren der stads poor scholen (1797–1860) en de Openbare Werk- en Leerschool voor Meisjes te Amsterdam . Johanna WA Naber. Uitgeverij De Roever, Amsterdam 1904
Prinses Wilhelmina, gemalin van Willem v, prins van Oranje , by Johanna Wilhelmina Antoinette Naber. Uitgeverij Meulenhoff & Co. Amsterdam 1908
Wegbereidsters . Johanna WA Naber. Uitgeverij G. Römelingh. Groningen 1909
Our Vorstinnen uit het huis van Oranje-Nassau in het stadhouderlijk tijdperk. 2 volumes, HD Tjeenk Willink, Haarlem 1911 ( digitized version )
Elizabeth Wolff-Bekker 1738-1804 and Agatha Deken 1741-1804 . Johanna Naber. Uitgeverij Bohn, Haarlem 1912
Betje Wolff en Aagje Deken , by Johanna W. A Naber. Uitgeverij Meulenhoff & Co. Amsterdam 1913
Het leven en werken van Jeltje de Bosch Kemper , by Johanna Wilhelmina Antoinette Naber. Haarlem 1918
Well XXV jaar 1898–1923: het feminisme in zijnen bloei en in zijne voleinding . Johanna WA Naber. Uitgeverij Tjeenk Willink, 1923
Wat heeft het feminisme brought the Nederlandsche vrouw? Wat may het daarom van deze guarded . Johanna WA Naber, 1934

Web links

Short biography from the Association for Women's History . (Dutch)

Individual evidence

↑ See on this: Jenny Daggers, Diana Neal (Ed.): Sex, Gender, and Religion: Josephine Butler Revisited . Quotation: “Johanna Naber, who was to become the first Dutch woman Historian, Originated from liberal Protestant circles connected with the nineteenthcentury international Reveil movement; amovement which stimulated a new social activism and promted social development in the Netherlands in the first decades of the twentieth century " . Page 74
↑ See: Margret Brugmann, Sonja Heebing, Debbi Long (Eds.): Who's Afraid of Femininity ?: Questions of Identity . Page 75
↑ Referring to the Rechlindis who lived in the 7th century and whose needle embroidery is one of the oldest preserved Nordic handicrafts.
↑ Author: Maria Grever. Portrait: JWA Naber . In: Biographical Woordenboek van het Socialisme en de Arbeidersbewegung in Nederland (BWSA). First published in: BWSA 3 (1988), pp. 148–151. Last updated August 26, 2002. Information provided by BWSA unless otherwise noted. Dutch, accessed October 20, 2011
↑ Biography: Johanna Naber . At: Aletta, instituut voor vrouwengeschiedenis. Dutch, accessed October 20, 2011
↑ See: Margret Brugmann, Sonja Heebing, Debbi Long (Eds.): Who's Afraid of Femininity ?: Questions of Identity . Section: “A Passionate Feminist and Historrian”. Quote: “Johanna Naber grew up in a liberal, intellectual and Protestant environment. (...) Naber became secretary of the Vereeniging voor Vrouwenkiesrecht (the Woman Suffrage Alliance in the Netherlands) and was elected to the first board of the International Woman's Suffrage Association (1904–1906). (...) Naber was the Dutch delegate of the press committee of the International Council of Woman (1900-1910), and a board member of the National Council of Woman in the Netherlands. She was the President of the National Council (1917-1922) when Dutch women gained the right to vote and the equality of men and women was written into the constitution ”.
↑ Cf. on this: Robert Kretzschmar, Das deutsche Archivwesen und der Nationalozialismus . Quote: “After the war, Rosa Manus and Johanna Weber were dead. The decimated advisory board of the IAV did not meet until January 1947. Few people and even fewer materials were available: practically just a few books. Nevertheless, everyone was motivated to revive the archive ”. P. 209.
↑ Johanna Naber Prize

personal data
SURNAME	Naber, Johanna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Naber, Johanna Wilhelmina Antoinette (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Dutch author, feminist and the first historian of the Dutch women's movement
DATE OF BIRTH	March 25, 1859
PLACE OF BIRTH	Haarlem (Netherlands)
DATE OF DEATH	May 30, 1941
Place of death	The hague

[1] See on this: Jenny Daggers, Diana Neal (Ed.): Sex, Gender, and Religion: Josephine Butler Revisited . Quotation: “Johanna Naber, who was to become the first Dutch woman Historian, Originated from liberal Protestant circles connected with the nineteenthcentury international Reveil movement; amovement which stimulated a new social activism and promted social development in the Netherlands in the first decades of the twentieth century " . Page 74

[2] See: Margret Brugmann, Sonja Heebing, Debbi Long (Eds.): Who's Afraid of Femininity ?: Questions of Identity . Page 75

[3] Referring to the Rechlindis who lived in the 7th century and whose needle embroidery is one of the oldest preserved Nordic handicrafts.

[4] Author: Maria Grever. Portrait: JWA Naber . In: Biographical Woordenboek van het Socialisme en de Arbeidersbewegung in Nederland (BWSA). First published in: BWSA 3 (1988), pp. 148–151. Last updated August 26, 2002. Information provided by BWSA unless otherwise noted. Dutch, accessed October 20, 2011

[5] Biography: Johanna Naber . At: Aletta, instituut voor vrouwengeschiedenis. Dutch, accessed October 20, 2011

[6] See: Margret Brugmann, Sonja Heebing, Debbi Long (Eds.): Who's Afraid of Femininity ?: Questions of Identity . Section: “A Passionate Feminist and Historrian”. Quote: “Johanna Naber grew up in a liberal, intellectual and Protestant environment. (...) Naber became secretary of the Vereeniging voor Vrouwenkiesrecht (the Woman Suffrage Alliance in the Netherlands) and was elected to the first board of the International Woman's Suffrage Association (1904–1906). (...) Naber was the Dutch delegate of the press committee of the International Council of Woman (1900-1910), and a board member of the National Council of Woman in the Netherlands. She was the President of the National Council (1917-1922) when Dutch women gained the right to vote and the equality of men and women was written into the constitution ”.

[7] Cf. on this: Robert Kretzschmar, Das deutsche Archivwesen und der Nationalozialismus . Quote: “After the war, Rosa Manus and Johanna Weber were dead. The decimated advisory board of the IAV did not meet until January 1947. Few people and even fewer materials were available: practically just a few books. Nevertheless, everyone was motivated to revive the archive ”. P. 209.

[8] Johanna Naber Prize