Johannes Regis

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johannes Regis (* around 1425; † 1496 probably in Soignies ), French Jehan Leroy , also Jean Regis , was a Franco-Flemish composer of the early Renaissance .

Live and act

Music historical research has not yet been able to gain any knowledge about the origins and early years of Johannes Regis. According to recent research, he was already active in the 1440s as a petit vicaire at the Cathedral of Cambrai ; his employer at this time was the composer Guillaume Dufay . In connection with the listed payments for the execution of Dufay's will (from 1474) Regis is referred to in the account books as "clerc" (secretary) Dufay. From 1451 at the latest he taught as magister puerorum (choir master of boys) at the collegiate church of Saint-Vincent in Soignies near Cambrai . In 1460, Dufay offered him the same office in Cambrai on behalf of the Cambraier cathedral chapter . He seems to have refused this, because from 1462 he was given the prestigious position as scholasticus (écolâtre) in Soigniers, in which he remained until the end of his life. No documents indicate that Regis ever held any office outside the Diocese of Cambrai. From 1496 his name was no longer listed in the documents of the collegiate church mentioned.

Of the then contemporary composer and music theorist Johannes Tinctoris are cash in his treatises the "Complexus effectuum musices" names, "Proportional musices" and "Liber de arte Contrapuncti" and LOYSET COMPÈRE has him in his Sängermotette "Omnium bonorum plena" (around 1473) placed in a row with several other Franco-Flemish composers. A few years later, Tinctoris praises Regis' motet "Clangat plebs" for its "varietates". He copied one of his masses of the then known type "L'homme armé" into a Cambraier choir book in 1462/63, but this has not survived.

meaning

The most important source of the motets by Johannes Regis is the Chigi Codex, which originated in the Flemish region: in the motet part of this collection the pieces by Regis occupy the same important place as in the mass part the compositions of Ockeghem . The type of contrapuntal work by Johannes Regis shows similar traits to corresponding works by Guillaume Dufay. With his five five-part motets, Regis established a type that was taken up and further developed by later Franco-Flemish and other composers, such as Jacob Obrecht , Josquin des Prez , Gaspar van Weerbeke , Loyset Compère, Bertrandus Vaqueras (around 1450 - 1507) or Marbrianus de Orto . This applies in particular to the compositional technique of combining several melodies as cantus firmus , which has just been used in Christmas motets (Obrecht, de Orto and Antoine Brumel ). Regis has combined different texts simultaneously in his two traditional chansons and brings about an alternation between deliberately formed two-part sections and full-part passages.

Works

  • Masses and mass sentences (received masses: four voices each)
    • Missa crucis, lost; mentioned by J. Houday 1880, page 194 and following
    • Missa "Dum sacrum mysterium" / "L'homme armé"
    • Missa "Ecce ancilla Domini" / "Ne timeas Maria"
    • Missa "L'homme armé", lost; named by Johannes Tinctoris: “Proportionale musices”, published by A. Seay, Neuhausen-Stuttgart 1978, page 55
    • Credo "Patrem vilayge"
  • Tenor motets (each with five voices)
    • "Celsitonantis ave genitrix" / "Abrahae fit promissio"
    • "Clangat plebs" / "Sicut lilium"
    • "Lauda Sion salvatorem" / "Ego sum panis"
    • "Lux solemnis adest" / "Repleti sunt omnes"
    • "O admirabile commercium" / "Verbum caro factum est"
  • Cantus firmus motets and free motets
    • “Ave Maria” to three voices
    • "Ave Maria" to five voices (countertenor secundus missing)
    • "Salve sponsa" to five voices (countertenor secundus missing)
  • Liturgical phrases
    • Offertory “Regina caeli laetare”, lost; mentioned by J. Houday 1880, page 194 and following
  • Chansons
    • "Puis que ma dame" / "Je m'en voy" with four voices, Rondeau (double chanson)
    • “S'il vous plait” to three or four votes, Rondeau
  • Doubtful works
    • “Ave rosa speciosa” / “Beata mater” with six votes, anonymous, assigned to Regis by E. Houghton 1983

Literature (selection)

  • J. Houdoy: Histoire artistique de la cathédrale de Cambrai, ancienne église métropolitaine Notre Dame , Paris 1880, page 194 and following
  • A. Demeuldre: Le Chapitre de Saint-Vincent à Soignies, ses dignitaires et ses chanoines , Soignies 1902
  • E. Sparks: Cantus Firmus in Mass and Motet, 1420-1520 , Berkeley / Los Angeles 1963
  • E. Houghton: A "New" Motet by Johannes Regis. In: Tijdschrift van de Vereniging voor nederlandse muziekgeschiedenis No. 33, 1983, pages 49-74
  • MJ Bloxam: Exegesis and Emulation: the Christmas Motets by Regis and Brumel , Paper read at the 17th Annual Conference on Medieval and Renaissance Music, Reading, July 1989 (typewritten)
  • David Fallows: The Life of Johannes Regis, approx. 1425 to 1496. In: Revue belge de musicologie No. 43, 1989, pages 143-172
  • PF Starr: Southern Exposure: Roman Light on Johannes Regis. In: Revue belge de musicologie No. 49, 1995, pages 27-38
  • S. Gallagher: Models of Varietas: Studies in Style and Attribution in the Motets of Johannes Regis and His Contemporaries , dissertation at Harvard University Cambridge / Massachusetts 1998
  • A. Magro: Le Compositeur Johannes Regis et les chanoines de Saint-Vincent de Soignies et Saint-Martin de Tours. In: Revue belge de musicologie No. 52, 1998, pages 369–376
  • Heinz-Jürgen Winkler: On the setting of Marian poetry in ancient meter by Johannes Ockeghem and Johannes Regis. In: Joh.Ockeghem: Actes du XLe Colloque internationale d'études humanistes, Tours, 3−8 février 1997, edited by Ph.Vendrix, Paris 1998
  • The same: The tenor motets by Johannes Regis in the tradition of the Chigi Codex , Volume 1: Commentary and Analysis, Volume 2: Edition, Vatican City / Turnhout 1999 (= Capellae Apostolicae Sixtinaeque Collectanea Acta Monumenta No. 5)

Web links

swell

  1. ^ The Music in Past and Present (MGG), Person Part Volume 13, Bärenreiter Verlag Kassel and Basel 2005, ISBN 3-7618-1133-0
  2. ↑ Marc Honegger, Günther Massenkeil (ed.): The great lexicon of music. Volume 7: Randhartinger - Stewart. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau a. a. 1982, ISBN 3-451-18057-X .
personal data
SURNAME Regis, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Leroy, Jehan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Franco-Flemish composer of the early Renaissance
DATE OF BIRTH around 1425
DATE OF DEATH 1496
Place of death unsure: Soignies