Johannes Scheuchzer

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Johannes Scheuchzer

Johannes Scheuchzer (born March 20, 1684 in Zurich ; † March 8, 1738 there ) was a Swiss doctor and botanist . He should not be confused with his nephew Johann Caspar Scheuchzer (1702–1729), who was also a doctor and naturalist.

Live and act

Johannes Scheuchzer is the son of the Zurich city doctor Johann Jakob Scheuchzer († 1688) and the younger brother of Johann Jakob Scheuchzer . Due to the early death of his father, he grew up under the influence of his older brother and accompanied him on his travels.

In 1703 he entered the service of the Dutch military. Here he met Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli , accompanied him on his travels to Switzerland , the Netherlands and England and finally went to Bologna as his secretary . In 1705 he wrote for the academy founded by Marsigli ( known as Accademia Clementina from 1711 ) a. a. a treatise on the stratification of the mountains.

In Basel he received his doctorate in medicine on January 20, 1706 with the work Dissertatio de usu historiae naturalis in medicina . In 1708 he became a member of the Leopoldina and published with Agrostographiae Helveticae his first extensive work on the grasses of Switzerland, which is regarded as the beginning of agrostology (grass science).

Scheuchzer returned to Zurich. He applied in vain for a professorship in Bologna and had to earn his living as a businessman. From 1710 to 1712 he was in Holland again, this time as a military doctor. He also served as a doctor during the Toggenburg War.

In the following years he tried in vain for professorships in Basel, Padua and Zurich. His wish for a secure job was only fulfilled in June 1723, when the Grand Council of the City of Zurich appointed him land clerk for the County of Baden .

After his brother's death in 1733, he was his successor as senior town doctor in Zurich. He became a member of the Canon Monastery and professor of physics at the Carolinum .

Honor taxon

Carl von Linné named the Scheuchzeria genus of the flowering rush family (Scheuchzeriaceae) in his honor and his brother Johann Jakob Scheuchzer .

Fonts

  • Dissertatio de usu historiae naturalis in medicina , 1706 - Dissertation
  • Commentariolus de thermis Fabariensibus . 1707
  • Agrostographiae Helveticae prodromus, sistens binas Graminum Alpinorum hactenus non descriptorum, & quorundam ambiguorum decades . Zurich, 1708
  • Schediasma de montium origine . 1709
  • Operis agrostographici idea, seu, Graminum, juncorum; cyperorum, cyperoidum, iisque affinium methodus . Zurich, 1719
  • Agrostographia sive graminum, iuncorum, cyperorum, cyperoidum, iisque affinium historia . Zurich, 1719

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl von Linné: Critica Botanica . Leiden 1737, p. 94.
  2. Carl von Linné: Genera Plantarum . Leiden 1742, p. 153.
  3. Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .