Johannes Dietrich Eduard Schmeltz
Johannes Dietrich Eduard Schmeltz (born May 17, 1839 or May 19, 1839 in Hamburg , † May 26, 1909 in Leiden ) was an ethnographer .
Life
Johannes Dietrich Eduard Schmeltz was the son of a carpenter in Hamburg. He had an early interest in exploring nature and, with school friends, including Justus Brinckmann , collected plants and insects in and around Hamburg. Due to physical problems, Schmeltz was unable to join his father's company. He carried out scientific studies and followed lectures by Karl August Möbius .
The Hamburg merchant Johan Cesar Godeffroy became aware of Schmeltz through a recommendation from the Semper brothers . Godeffroy hired him in 1863 as curator at the Godeffroy Museum in Hamburg , which had been founded two years earlier . Schmeltz published catalogs, directories and the museum guide. He was a founding member of the Association for Scientific Entertainment in Hamburg, founded in 1871, and its managing director from 1875 to 1882. The area of responsibility included the editing of the association's own magazine negotiations of the Association for Natural Science Entertainment in Hamburg .
After JC Godeffroy & Son ceased payments in December 1879, Wilhelm Godeffroy became the owner of the Godeffroy Museum. The continuation of the museum was endangered for several reasons. In 1882 Schmeltz published a guide to the Godeffroy Museum. In the same year, Lindor Serrurier , the director of the Reichsmuseum für Völkerkunde in Leiden, arranged for Schmeltz to be appointed curator there . He moved to the Netherlands. A suggestion from Adolf Bastian encouraged him to publish the publication International Archives for Ethnography in 1888 . Schmeltz published the first 18 volumes of the publication as editor. In 1896 he received his doctorate in philosophy at the University of Leipzig. After Serrurier had resigned from office in 1896, Schmeltz became director of the Reichsmuseum für Völkerkunde in 1897.
Johannes Dietrich Eduard Schmeltz was married to Johanna Emilie Antoinette Büchtmann since 1870 and had a son (Johannes Cesar Eduard, born June 9, 1873).
Honors
- Large gold medal of the Imperial Russian Society of Sciences (1876)
- Corresponding member of the Vienna Anthropological Society (1884)
- Corresponding member of the Genootschap van de Taal-, Land- and Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indie (1885)
- Honorary Member of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1892)
- Corresponding member of the German Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory (1894)
- Elected member of the Imperial Russian Geographic Society (1905)
- Knight of the order van de Nederlandsche Leeuw (1907)
- Prussian Red Eagle Order 4th Class (December 1907)
- Honorary member of the Societa Italiana di Antropologia et Ethnonlogia (1909)
- Honorary member of the Munich Anthropological Society
Publications
As part of his activities for the Godeffroy Museum, Schmeltz published sales catalogs. From 1864 8 catalogs appeared under his direction:
- Catalog I of the duplicates for sale from the natural history expeditions of Mr. Joh. Ces. Godeffroy & Son in Hamburg . Hamburg June 1864.
- Catalog II of the duplicates for sale from the natural history expeditions of Messrs. Joh. Ces. Godeffroy & Son in Hamburg . Hamburg 1865.
- Catalog III of the duplicates for sale from the natural history expeditions of Mr. Joh. Ces. Godeffroy & Son in Hamburg . Hamburg October 1866.
- Godeffroy Museum. Catalog IV, together with an enclosure, containing: topographical notes; Description of new bryozoa by Senator Dr. Kirchenpauer zu Hamburg and a new genus of asterids by Dr. Chr. Lütken in Copenhagen . Wilhelm Mauke Sons, Hamburg May 1869.
- Museum Godeffroy Catalog V. In addition to a supplement containing topographical and zoological notes . L. Friedrichsen & Co., Hamburg February 1874.
- Museum Godeffroy Catalog VI. Addenda to Catalog V . L. Friedrichsen & Co., Hamburg March 1877.
- Museum Godeffroy Catalog VII. Vertebrates (Animalia vertebrata) and supplements to Catalog V & VI from the other animal classes . L. Friedrichsen & Co., Hamburg May 1879.
- Museum Godeffroy, Hamburg. Catalog VIII . In: Zoologischer Anzeiger . IV. Year, no. 91 , 1881 (supplement).
More publishments:
- List of ethnographic objects in the Godeffroy Museum . September 1, 1876. L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg 1876.
- With Rudolf Krause : The ethnographic-anthropological section of the Museum Godeffroy in Hamburg . A contribution to the customer of the South Sea peoples. L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg 1881.
- Guide to the Godeffroy Museum . with 2 plans and 2 woodcuts. Friederichsen, 1882.
- On some of the Melanesian religious customs , in: Dr. Richard Kiepert (Ed.): Globus , Illustrirte Zeitschrift für Länder- und Völkerkunde. Vol. 41, No. 1, Friedrich Vieweg and Son, Braunschweig 1882, pp. 7-10 u. No. 2, pp. 24-28 and P. 39–41 (report by Franz Hübner)
- With JS Kubary: Ethnographic contributions to the knowledge of the Caroline Archipelago . PWM Trap, Leiden 1889 ( online ).
- With FSA de Clercq: Ethnographic Description van de West- en Noordkust van Nederlandsch Nieuw-Guinea . PWM Trap, Leiden 1893 ( online ).
- Snails and mussels in the life of the peoples of Indonesia and Oceania . EJ Brill, Leiden 1894.
- Ethnographic Musea in Central Europe . Verslag eener study 19 May-31 July 1895. Boekhandel en Drukkerij voorheen EJ Brill, Leiden 1896 ( online ).
- In Memoriam Rudolph Virchow . In: International Archive for Ethnography , Volume XVI, Editing JDE Schmeltz, Verlag EJ Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands, 1904. S. Iff, Accessed Feb. 14, 2012. ( Digitized , in the obituary Schmeltz explains in detail the collaboration with Virchow and also gives precise details of his activity as custodian of the Godeffroy Museum).
- Guides through the exhibition of the Ethnographic Collection brought together during the North New Guinea Expedition under the direction of Prof. A. Wichmann, Utrecht . August 1907. SC Van Doesburgh, Leiden 1907 ( online ).
- Catalogus of the Bibliotheek . In: Catalogus van 's Rijks Ethographisch Museum . Deel III. Boekhandel en Drukkerij voorheen EJ Brill, Leiden 1909 ( online ).
literature
- R. Timm: Johannes Dietrich Eduard Schmeltz . In: Negotiations of the Association for Scientific Entertainment in Hamburg . 1905-1907. XIII. Tape. L. Friederichsen & Co, Hamburg 1907, p. 3-4 ( online ).
- Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . tape 17 . Leipzig 1909, p. 886 ( online ).
- Dr. JDE Schmeltz. † . In: Algemeen Handelsblad . Amsterdam May 27, 1909, p. 6 ( online ).
- GJ Dozy: In Memoriam Johannes Diedrich Eduard Schmeltz (1839-1909) . In: International Archive for Ethnography . tape XIX , 1910.
- Juynboll: Melt . In: Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek . Tweede Deel. AW Sijthoff's Uitgevers-Maatschappij, Leiden 1912, p. 1287-1288 ( online ).
- Herbert Weidner : History of Entomology in Hamburg . In: Treatises and negotiations of the Natural Science Association in Hamburg . tape IX . Commission publisher Cram, de Gruyter & Co., Hamburg 1967, p. 142, ff .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . tape 17 . Leipzig 1909, p. 886 ( online ).
- ^ R. Timm: Johannes Dietrich Eduard Schmeltz . S. 3 .
- ↑ Constituent Assembly . In: Negotiations of the Association for Natural Science Entertainment in Hamburg . 1871-1874. L. Friederichsen & Co, Hamburg 1875, p. 13 ( online ).
- ^ Prochownik: Rudolf Krause † , in: Correspondence sheet of the German Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory. , Vol. 27, Munich 1896, pp. 1-2, digitized
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schmeltz, Johannes Dietrich Eduard |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Ethnographer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 17, 1839 or May 19, 1839 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hamburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 26, 1909 |
| Place of death | Suffer |