Johannes de Sarto

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Johannes de Sarto (* before 1430, † after 1440) was a Franco-Flemish composer , singer and priest of the early Renaissance .

Live and act

Music historical research has not yet been able to determine the date and place of birth of Johannes de Sarto, as well as the date of his death and the place of death. He is one of the many people of the Middle Ages, of whom only the surviving mostly handwritten works give testimony, which in the best case bear a chronological assignment or allow it in an indirect way. It is assumed with some probability that Johannes de Sarto comes from the Liège area . His compositionally active years were between 1430 and 1440. In earlier years, the identity of his person was partially associated with the person of Johannes Brassart , with whom he was also confused. Some similar names that could refer to de Sarto have become known from the archival documents, such as Jean de Sarto , canon from 1401 to 1430 at the collegiate church of Saint Jean l'Évangéliste in Liège, and Johannes Doussart , who changed his mind in 1457 has applied for a chaplaincy near Liège. He is less likely to be Jean du Sart (or Dussart), who was singer and choirmaster in Cambrai from 1455 to the end of the 1460s ; the latter is mentioned in the motet “Omnium bonorum plena” by Loyset Compère .

When King Albrecht II of Habsburg died in 1439, the funeral motet “Romanorum rex inclite” was performed on the occasion; in this de Sarto and Brassart appear together with other singers from the king's service. Due to its style, this motet without a note by the composer was initially attributed to Brassart, until more recently (BJ Blackburn, EE Lowinsky and Cl. A. Miller: A Correspondence of Renaissance Musicians , Oxford 1991) a document from the beginning of the 16th century has been described in which G. Del Lago assigned this motet to the presbyter Johannes de Sarto .

meaning

Six sacred works are directly attributed to de Sarto in manuscripts from around 1430 to 1450; sometimes these have the additional note “presbyter”. For two of them, the name "Brassart" has been crossed out and replaced by "de Sarto" in the directory. De Sarto's four traditional motets are written in an elegant and sometimes highly expressive style, with well-measured dissonances and the occasional use of imitation . The motets "Verbum Patris" and "Romanorum rex inclite" are characterized by demanding tenor - canon , and especially the latter motet projects with its complex, double- isorhythmic framework of his other compositions and many pieces of his contemporaries out. The Johannes de Sarto attributed Introiten are similar song elated as it was characteristic of the style around 1430, and show incomplete consonance , occasional imitation and the use of fauxbourdon .

Due to his lifetime and his musical style, Johannes de Sarto belongs to the first generation of Franco-Flemish music.

Works

  • Introits
    • "Gaudeamus omnes" to three voices (possibly by Brassart)
    • “Repleatur os meum” ( feria VI quatuor temporum infra octavam pentecostes / Pentecost) with three voices
    • "Spiritus Domini replevit" ( dominica pentecostes / Pentecost Sunday) to three voices (possibly by Brassart)
  • Motets
    • “Ave mater, o Maria” to three voices
    • “O quam mirabilis” to three votes
    • “Romanorum rex inclite” with four voices, isorhythmic, on the death of Albrecht II. 1439
    • "Verbum Patris hodie" for three voices (Christmas)

Literature (selection)

  • KE Mixter: Isorhythmic Design in the Motets of Johannes Brassart , in: Gedenkschrift für Glen Haydon, edited by JW Pruett, Chapel Hill / North Carolina 1969, pages 179-189
  • Craigh Wright: Dufay at Cambrai: Discoveries and Revisions , in: Journal of the American Musicological Society No. 28, 1974, pp. 175-229, especially pp. 205-206
  • Fr. Dangel-Hofmann: The polyphonic introit in sources of the 15th century , Tutzing 1975, page 35-57
  • Ch. Turner: Proportion and Form in the Continental Isorhythmic Motet c. 1385-1450 , in: Music Analysis No. 10, 1991, pages 89-124
  • Peter Wright: Johannes Brassart and Johannes de Sarto , in: Plainsong and Medieval Music No. 1, 1992, pp. 41-61
  • RM Nosow: The Florid and Equal-Discantus Motet Styles of Fifteenth-Century Italy , dissertation at the University of North Carolina 1992
  • Peter Wright: A New Attribution to Brassart? , in: Plainsong and Medieval Music No. 3, 1994, pages 23-43
  • J. Cumming: The Motet in the Age of Dufay , Cambridge 1999

Web links

swell

  1. ^ Graeme Boone:  Sarto, Johannes de. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 14 (Riccati - Schönstein). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2005, ISBN 3-7618-1134-9  ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
  2. ↑ Peter Wright:  Sarto, Johannes de. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
personal data
SURNAME Sarto, Johannes de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Franco-Flemish composer, singer and priest
DATE OF BIRTH before 1430
DATE OF DEATH after 1440