John Bull
John Bull is a national personification of the Kingdom of Great Britain . It was created by John Arbuthnot in the pamphlet Law is a bottomless pit in 1712 and was used as a symbol of Great Britain by British caricaturists in the late 18th century.
presentation
John Bull is usually depicted as a stocky man in tailcoat , knee breeches ( knickerbockers ) and a Union Jack vest. He wears a top hat (sometimes called a John Bull top hat ) and is often accompanied by a bulldog . He is a common character in 19th and early 20th century British cartoon . In advertising , John Bull appears in numerous variations.
The well-meaning caricature of the extremely conservative resident of Great Britain, dressed like an English country nobleman , sometimes expressly contrasted with the usually scrawny sans-culottes Jacobin of the French Revolution , was developed by the British satirists James Gillray , Thomas Rowlandson and George Cruikshank since around 1790 .
John Bull was introduced to the United States' cartoon tradition by the Scottish immigrant William Charles . The "father of American caricature", Thomas Nast , continued this tradition in the second half of the 19th century.
At the time of the First World War, John Bull was often used on the German side as a caricature of the enemy England. B. often in the journal Simplicissimus .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ William Charles: Columbia teaching John Bull his new lesson. In: Library of Congress. 1812, accessed October 31, 2018 .
- ^ Fiona Deans Halloran: Thomas Nast: The Father of Modern Political Cartoons . The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill 2012.