John Gibson (chemist)

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John Gibson (born May 13, 1855 in Edinburgh , † January 1, 1914 ) was a Scottish chemist .

Gibson attended the Edinburgh Academy and then studied chemistry in Heidelberg with Robert Bunsen , Hermann Kopp and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff . In 1876 he graduated with a doctorate in philosophy . On his return he became an assistant to Alexander Crum Brown at the University of Edinburgh . In 1881 he became chief assistant of the laboratory, where he taught for eleven years. In 1892 he became professor of chemistry at Heriot-Watt College . He was awarded the Challenger Medal . In 1877 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh .

He did research on electrolysis and analyzed manganese nodules .

In 1892 Gibson published together with Crum Brown the so-called Crum-Brown-Gibson rule for the prediction and explanation of the orientation of the substituents on benzene and its derivatives .

The rule referred to the correlation that a meta-substitution takes place for a substituent X in which the hydrogen compound HX can be converted into HOX by direct oxidation .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ LW Stansell, F. Stanley Kipping, AG Perkin, Charles A. Keane, AP Laurie, Arthur R. Ling and TK Rose: Obituary notices: Matthew Algernon Adams, 1836–1913; Joseph Carter Bell, 1839-1913; William Popplewell Bloxam, 1860-1913; Harry Burrows, 1871-1914; James Tudor Cundall, 1865-1913; Robert Kennedy Duncan, 1868-1914; John Gibson, 1855-1914; Sir Walter Noel Hartley, 1846-1913; John Heron, 1850-1913; Julius Lewkowitsch, 1857-1913; Hugh Marshall, 1868-1913; George Matthey, 1825-1913 ; In: J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1914, 105, 1189-1222 doi: 10.1039 / CT9140501189
  2. ↑ 19thcenturyscience.org: Challenger Medal (1895) ( Memento of the original from March 13, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.19thcenturyscience.org
  3. ^ Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed December 8, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Quotation: In 1892, in conjunction with John Gibson, he (Crum Brown) published the well-known rule for determining the position in the benzene nucleus taken up by an entering radical with respect to one already present. Online at The University of Edinburgh, School of Chemistry .
  5. ^ William H. Brock: Vieweg's history of chemistry . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1997, ISBN 978-3-642-59285-0 , p. 350 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
personal data
SURNAME Gibson, John
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Scottish chemist
DATE OF BIRTH May 13, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH Edinburgh
DATE OF DEATH January 1, 1914