John Pringle

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
John Pringle

Sir John Pringle, 1st Baronet PRS (born April 10, 1707 in Stichill (County Roxburghshire , Scotland ), † January 18, 1782 in London ) was a British doctor.

Live and act

John Pringle was the youngest son of Sir John Pringle, 2nd Baronet (of Stichill) (1662–1721) and his wife Magdalene Elliot († 1739), daughter of Sir Gilbert Eliott, 1st Baronet (of Stobs) († 1677) , born.

Pringle only studied pharmacy briefly at St Andrews and then moved to Leiden University to attend lectures from Herman Boerhaave . With his writing de marcore selini he received his doctorate there on July 20, 1730.

He settled in Edinburgh as a doctor, but gave up this activity due to unsuccessfulness and lack of assets. Instead he taught from 1733 to 1742 at the University of Edinburgh as a professor of moral philosophy and metaphysics.

On August 24, 1742, John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of Stair , commander-in-chief of the British Army, redeemed him and entrusted him with the duties of a field doctor. At the Battle of Dettingen , Pringle achieved through a mutual agreement between the Earl of Stair and the commanding officer of the French army, the Duke of Noailles , that the hospitals on both sides were no longer set up so far from the camp and so for the sick and wounded safe haven to be reached. Until March 11, 1744 he served as a field doctor, supervisor of the hospitals and later as the first field doctor in Flanders and from 1746 to 1749 in England.

In 1749 Pringle settled in Pall Mall (London) and became the personal physician of the Duke of Cumberland . On April 1, 1752 he married Charlotte Oliver. On June 5, 1766 he was given the hereditary title of baronet , of Pall Mall in the City of Westminster . In the same year he was elected a foreign member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . In 1776 he became an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg and in 1778 a foreign member of the Académie des Sciences .

In 1772 he was elected President of the Royal Society; he was a sponsor of important scientists such as Jan Ingenhousz . After five years he resigned for reasons of age, moved to Edinburgh, but returned to London in September 1781. He died there a few months later. Since his marriage remained childless, his title of nobility expired on his death.

A memorial at Westminster Abbey honors John Pringle.

The geologist Sir James Hall, 4th Baronet , was a great-nephew of his.

Science - Military Medicine - Antisepsis

John Pringle 1750. Table of antiseptic substances Spiritus Mindereri = ammonia acetic acid. Sal diureticus:

His first scientific publication appeared in 1750 under the title Observations on the Nature and Cure of Hospital and Jayl Fevers. That same year, the Royal Society's Philosophical Transactions published three studies on Experiments on Septic and Antiseptic Substances . This earned him the Copley Medal . Two years later he published his Observations on the Diseases of the Army in Camp and Garrison . Since then he has been regarded as the founder of modern military medicine.

He coined the term antisepsis and meant the effects of putrefactive agents. In order to examine substances for their rot-inhibiting properties, Pringle developed a test arrangement in which he tested the rot-inhibiting effect of these substances on beef under standardized conditions. He allowed the substances diluted with pure spring water (salts, extracts from parts of plants ...) to act on fresh beef, whose freshness or degree of rot was recorded at fixed intervals according to appearance and smell.

Works

  • Some Experiments on Substances resisting Putrefacation . Read June 28, 1750, in: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Volume 46, pp. 480-488 (digitized version ) --- A Continuation of the Experiments on Substances resisting Putrefacation . Read November 1, 1750, in: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Volume 46, pp. 525-534 (digitized version ) --- Further Experiments on Substances resisting Putrefacation; with experiments upon the means of hasting and promoting it . Read November 15, 1750, in: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Volume 46, pp. 550-558 (digitized) . Pringle took these observations, expanded by four other observations from the years 1751 and 1752, also as an appendix in his 1752 published work Observations on the Diseases of the Army .
  • Observations on the nature and cure of Hospital and Jayl-Fevers in a letter to Dr. Mead . Millnar, London 1750 (digitized version )
  • Observations on the Diseases of the Army: in Camp and Garrison; In 3 parts; With an appendix ... Millar, London 1752, 2nd edition 1753 (digitalisat)
    • Johann Ernst Greding (translator). Observations on the Diseases of the Army . Altenburg 1754 (digitized version)
    • August Eberhard Brande (translator). The knight baronet Johann Pringle's MD member of the royal. Medical colleges in London and Edinburgh; the can Society to London a. Göttingen, ... observations on the diseases of the army . Judicial bookstore, Altenburg 1772 (digitized version)
  • Andrew Kippis. Six discourses, delivered by Sir John Pringle ... when President of the Royal Society; on occasion of six annual assignments of Sir Godfrey Copley's Medal. To which is prefixed the life of the author . London 1783 (digitized version)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see: Stichill
  2. ↑ II. Biography. I. Johann Pringle in: Almanac for physicians and non-physicians. Jg. 1787 (1787), pp. 76-87
  3. ↑ Almanac for doctors and Nichtaerzte. Vol. 1787 (1787), pp. 78-79
  4. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 193.
  5. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter P. Académie des sciences, accessed on February 7, 2020 (French).
  6. ↑ Sir John Pringle at westminster-abbey.org
  7. ↑ John Pringle. A Continuation of the Experiments on Substances resisting Putrefacation . Read November 1, 1750, in: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Volume 46, pp. 525-534 (digitized version ) --- Johann Ernst Greding (translator). John Pringle. Observations on the Diseases of the Army . Altenburg 1754, pp. 359-360 (digitized version )
  8. ↑ Hermann Kopp . History of chemistry . Vieweg, Braunschweig 1843–1847. Volume IV (1847), p. 341 (digitized version)
  9. ↑ Pharmacopoeia collegii regalis medicorum Londinensis . Longman, London 1747, p. 45: Sal diureticus (digitized version )
  10. ↑ Observations on the Diseases of the Army: in Camp and Garrison; In 3 parts; With an appendix ... Millar, London 1752, 2nd edition 1753, pp. 309ff. (Digitized version) --- Johann Ernst Greding (translator). Observations on the Diseases of the Army . Altenburg 1754, p. 345ff. (Digitized version)
personal data
SURNAME Pringle, John
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pringle, Sir John, 1st Baronet
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British medic
DATE OF BIRTH April 10, 1707
PLACE OF BIRTH Stichill , County Roxburghshire , Scotland
DATE OF DEATH January 18, 1782
Place of death London