John W. Gruner

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John Walter Gruner (born July 12, 1890 in Neurode, now Nowa Ruda ; † 1981 ) was an American mineralogist and crystallographer of German origin who taught at the University of Minnesota from 1923 to 1959 .

Life

Gruner emigrated to the USA in 1912 and began studying geosciences at the University of New Mexico , which he completed in 1917 with a B.Sc. completed. In the following years he continued his studies at the University of Minnesota, where he received his M.Sc. acquired. After teaching as an assistant at Oregon State University for a year , he returned to the University of Minnesota, where he received his PhD in 1922 . In the following years he rose from assistant professor to associate professor and finally in 1944 to full professor at this university . He spent the academic year 1926/27 at the University of Leipzig , where he familiarized himself with the methods of X-ray diffractometry with Friedrich Rinne and Ernst Schiebold . Gruner was President of the Crystallographic Society of America from 1947 to 1948 and President of the Mineralogical Society of America from 1949 to 1950 .

From 1919 until her death in 1966 he was with Opal Gruner, geb. Garrett with whom he had three children.

Scientific work

The main focus of the scientific work was the determination of the crystallographic structures of layered silicates such as dickite , vermiculite and glauconite , which he examined with an X-ray diffractometer he developed himself. Gruner discovered several minerals, including Minnesotaite in 1944 and Groutite in 1947 . In the course of his late career he devoted himself to the formation of uranium deposits and the formation of uranium minerals at low temperatures.

Honors

  • 1962 Roebling Medal
  • 1963 Honorary Doctorate from the University of New Mexico

Fonts (selection)

  • Geologic reconnaissance of the southern part of the Taos range, New Mexico . Journal of Geology, Vol. 28, pp. 731-742 (1920).
  • The origin of sedimentary iron formations-the Biwabik Formation of the Mesabi range . Economic Geology, Volume 17, pp. 407-460 (1922).
  • The Soudan Formation and a new suggestion as to the origin of the Vermillion iron ores . Economic Geology, Vol. 21, pp. 629-644 (1926).
  • The oscillation method of x-ray analysis of crystals . American Mineralogist, Volume 13, pp. 123-141 (1928).
  • The structure of boracite . American Journal of Science, Vol. 15, pp. 453-460 (1929).
  • The crystal structures of talc and prophyllite . Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Volume 88, pp. 412-419 (1933).
  • Composition and structure of stilpnomelane . American Mineralogist, Vol. 22, pp. 912-925 (1937).
  • The hydrothermal alteration of field spars in acid solutions between 300 ° and 400 ° C . Economic Geology, Vol. 39, pp. 578-589 (1944).
  • The uranium mineralogy of the Colorado Plateau and adjacent regions . Utah Geological Society, Guidebook to the Geology of Utah, Volume 9, pp. 70-77 (1954).

literature

  • BR Doe: An Introduction to John W. Gruner. In: Studies in Mineralogy and Precambrian Geology. Geological Society of America, Memoir 135, pp. VII-XII Boulder 1972.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Gruner, John W.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gruner, John Walter (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American mineralogist
DATE OF BIRTH July 12, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Neurode
DATE OF DEATH 1981