José Leopoldo de Bulhões Jardim

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Brazilian Constitution of 1891 , José Leopoldo de Bulhões Jardim (11th signature on this page), National Archives

José Leopoldo de Bulhões Jardim , known as Leopoldo de Bulhões , (born September 28, 1856 in Goiás Velho , † December 15, 1928 in Petrópolis ) was a Brazilian politician and financier.

Life

José Leopoldo de Bulhões was the son of Inácio Soares de Bulhões (1819–1890) and Antônia Emília de Bulhões Jardim, already influential families in the Empire of Brazil , such as José Rodrigues Jardim , maternal uncle, was governor of the Goiás province . He studied law at the Faculdade de Direito do Largo de São Francisco in São Paulo (today the Law Faculty of the Universidade de São Paulo ), where he became familiar with the liberal , republican and abolitionist ideas widespread there . In 1880 he went back to Goiás and joined the Partido Liberal .

Political career

In 1881 he became the chief editor of the Goian newspaper Tribuna Livre and was elected deputy ( Deputado geral ) for the province of Goiás, which required a move to the capital, Rio de Janeiro . He was re-elected in 1885 and founded in 1886 with his brother Antônio Félix de Bulhões Jardim the newspaper Goyaz: orgão do Partido Liberal , through which he, quoting Demian de Melo / Adrianna Setemy: “the ideas of religious freedom, the secularization of cemeteries, registration and civil marriage and came into conflict with the local ultramontan bishops ”. In 1891 and 1893 he was elected federal representative for Goiás and thus also became a member of the Constituent Assembly in 1891, where he was one of the signatories of the Brazilian constitution of 1891 . He was elected Federal Senator for Goiás six times from 1894 to 1899.

Under President Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves he was Minister of Finance ( Ministro de Estado dos Negócios da Fazenda ) in his cabinet from 1902 to 1906 and again under President Nilo Peçanha from 1909 to 1910. He was also temporarily director of Banco do Brasil . During this time of the República Velha , the first phase of the republic of Brazil, in which he was one of the oligarchs , “a political alliance called“ coffee with milk ”(café-com-leite) arose in which the elites of the constituent states of São Paulo (“ Coffee ”) and Minas Gerais (“ Milk ”, i.e. cattle breeding) set the tone”. He was involved in financial reforms here.

From 1909 to 1917 the database of the Federal Senate shows Bulhões as senator for the state of Alagoas .

After federal politics, he became a local politician, first as a city councilor and president of the city council, then briefly from February 1, 1917 to May 1, 1917 as the city prefect (mayor) of the city of Petrópolis .

He was married to Cecília Félix de Sousa, with whom he had eight children. He is considered to be the founder of the influential Bulhões family clan in the 20th century. He is buried in the São João Batista cemetery in Rio de Janeiro.

The city of Leopoldo de Bulhões is named after him.

Fonts

The Chamber of Deputies published some of its proposals and discourses, e.g. B. appeared posthumously:

  • Discursos parlamentares. Câmara dos Deputados, Brasília 1979. Selected and edited by Wagner Estelita Campos (Portuguese).

literature

  • Augusto de Bulhões: Leopoldo de Bulhões. To financista de princípios, 1856–1928. Edições Financeiras, Rio de Janeiro [undated, 195?]. Biography.
  • Maria Augusta Sant'anna Moraes: História de uma oligarquia, os Bulhões. Oriente, Goiânia 1974.
  • Demian de Melo, Adrianna Setemy: Bulhões, Leopoldo. Website of the Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil ( digitized; PDF ), 7 uncounted pages (Portuguese)
  • Michael Luiz dos Santos: Leopoldo de Bulhões: um financista da Primeira República . Campinas, SP 2005 ( unicamp.br [PDF]). (University thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Brazilian Portuguese).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hermann Hiery (ed.): Lexicon for overseas history. Steiner, Stuttgart 2015. In it: Brazil since independence , p. 125 ( digitized version, academia.edu).
  2. ^ Cemitério São João Batista. In: com.br. Retrieved July 15, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
  3. ↑ Review: J. Cruz Costa: Leopoldo de Bulhões, Um financista de princípios (1856-1928) . In: Revista de História. Volume 8, No. 18, 1954, pp. 508-509.
personal data
SURNAME Bulhões Jardim, José Leopoldo de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bulhões, Leopoldo de; Bulhões, Leopoldo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brazilian politician
DATE OF BIRTH September 28, 1856
PLACE OF BIRTH Goiás Velho , Goiás
DATE OF DEATH December 15, 1928
Place of death Petrópolis , Rio de Janeiro