Julius Gebhard

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Julius Gebhard (born January 22, 1884 in Hamburg ; † March 2, 1966 there ) was a German educationalist at the University of Hamburg .

Life

Julius Gebhard was the son of a teacher who taught at the private boys' school of St. George by Theodor August Bieber (1839–1912) and died in 1889. After the death of his father he was given a job at this school and finished his school years with a one-year certificate . The teachers' seminar in Hamburg, which he attended since 1899, he completed in 1905 with the first teacher examination. He then taught at the Eduardstrasse boys' school in Eimsbüttel until 1913 . Here he met Johannes Böse . In 1908 he passed the second teacher examination and, after leaving school in 1914, passed the Abitur at the high school in Altona-Ottensen . He had to interrupt his studies at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich due to the outbreak of the First World War . He suffered repeated wounds in fighting, and in 1917 he suffered a serious facial injury that caused him lifelong problems. During a stay in the hospital he continued his studies and finished it in 1923 at the Georg-August University in Göttingen with a pedagogical dissertation with Herman Nohl . In 1916 he married the teacher Else Urban, with whom he had three children.

At the end of 1922, Gebhard took on an apprenticeship at the reform school Ahrensburger Strasse in Barmbek in Hamburg . In December 1923 he got half a position as a research assistant with Gustaf Deuchler at the seminar for educational sciences at the University of Hamburg . Since 1926 Gebhard has been teaching future elementary school teachers at Hamburg University. In doing so, he knew how to impart practice-oriented knowledge and how to establish links to his own reform pedagogical work at the Ahrensburger Strasse school. In doing so, he played a decisive role in spreading reform pedagogy at the university. In 1927 he wrote about "Die Schule am Dulsberg". It was the first time that it was scientifically founded as a reform pedagogical school and became known nationwide.

In the winter semester of 1927/28 Gebhardt taught about "German School Trials of the Present" and thus tried to convey his knowledge about reform schools throughout Germany. Together with his students, he traveled to the German Reich to visit reform schools and study in rural education centers. In 1928 he got to know the World Association for the Renewal of Education and took part in its congresses in 1928 in Helsingör and in 1932 in Nice . In 1929 he represented the educational seminar of the University of Hamburg at the conference of German experimental schools in Berlin . Gebhardt headed the business of the World Association in the North District and from 1931 the all-German association. Between 1925 and 1934, he was one of the shop stewards of the reform pedagogy school by the sea on the North Sea island of Juist, founded and led by Martin Luserke .

During the time of National Socialism , Gebhard, who had been a member of the SPD since 1923 and against whom Gustaf Deuchler had applied for dismissal, kept his teaching position at Hamburg University until 1937. In 1935 he summarized his findings on the development of pedagogy in Hamburg in the "Structure of elementary school work". The state education authority forbade interpreting the work in school teachers' libraries.

From 1937 to 1943 Gebhard taught at the Amalie-Dietrich-Weg elementary school. From the end of 1943 until the end of the Second World War, he assisted Wilhelm Flitner at the Department of Education. In 1947 he wrote the habilitation thesis "Alfred Lichtwark and the Art Education Movement in Hamburg". which is still regarded as a standard work today. After his habilitation in 1948, he took over the direction of studies at the Pedagogical Institute in 1948 and in 1949 received an appointment as associate professor. After retiring in 1950, he taught regularly at the Institute for Educational Sciences until 1955.

Fonts (selection)

  • The meaning of school , Göttingen 1923
  • The present state of education , 1946
  • Alfred Lichtwark and the art education movement in Hamburg , 1947

literature

  • Gerrit Fedde: Julius Gebhard (1884–1966). On the biography and scientific work of a Hamburg educational scientist . BoD 1993.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Klaus-Peter Horn: Educational Science in Germany in the 20th Century. To develop the social and professional structure of the discipline from initial institutionalization to expansion . Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2003. ISBN 978-3-7815-1271-9 , p. 235
  2. ^ Chronicle - Finanzamt Hamburg-Oberalster , on: hamburg.de
  3. ^ Grave site Emilie and Theodor August Bieber , on: ohlsdorf.familien-nachforschung.de
  4. ↑ a b c Reiner Lehberger: Gebhard, Julius . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 3 . Wallstein, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 3-8353-0081-4 , p. 132 .
  5. ↑ Leaves of the outer community of the Schule am Meer Juist (North Sea) , 9th circular, August 1931, p. 20.
  6. ↑ Reiner Lehberger: Gebhard, Julius . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 3 . Wallstein, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 3-8353-0081-4 , p. 132-133 .
  7. ↑ Reiner Lehberger: Gebhard, Julius . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 3 . Wallstein, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 3-8353-0081-4 , p. 133 .
personal data
SURNAME Gebhard, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German educational scientist at the University of Hamburg
DATE OF BIRTH January 22, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH March 2, 1966
Place of death Hamburg