Gustaf Deuchler

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Gustaf Deuchler (also Gustav Adolf ; * February 23, 1883 in Unteröwisheim , † January 19, 1955 in Hamburg ) was a German educational scientist at the University of Hamburg from 1923 to 1945. He was an active National Socialist .

life and career

Deuchler's father was a farmer, his mother the daughter of an innkeeper. After elementary school and preparatory institute in Gengenbach and three years of teaching seminar in Karlsruhe , he passed the teacher examination in 1902. Then he attended secondary school in Mannheim until he graduated from high school . Deuchler studied two semesters in Heidelberg , one semester in Jena and ten semesters at the University of Leipzig and received his doctorate under Wilhelm Wundt with a dissertation on reaction experiments with indefinite expectations . He became an assistant at the Institute for Experimental Pedagogy of the Leipzig Teachers' Association until he became a lecturer in the educational science course at the University of Tübingen in 1910 .

In 1914, Deuchler used a statistical approach for an investigation that corresponds to the procedure proposed by Frank Wilcoxon in 1945 , now known as the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test .

In 1921 Deuchler became an associate professor at the University of Tübingen. From 1919 to 1931 he was a member of the DDP . In 1923 he took over the first professorship for educational science at the University of Hamburg , he was preferred to the competitor Peter Petersen . Deuchler had dealt with basic questions of teacher training and supported the "academization of pedagogy". He advocated the implementation of university education for teachers (Hamburg Teacher Education Act of December 20, 1926).

Deuchler had been a member of the NSDAP since May 1, 1932 and saw his chance to get a leading position in the Hamburg Senate or as a state school councilor . Even before 1933 he was agitating for the Nazi movement despite the official ban in the German Teachers' Association . Deuchler called for a new "ethos in the choice and emphasis of the topics for the lectures and exercises". He stood up for a "German Studies Faculty" with "Racial Studies" in the first place, but also "Defense Science". Deuchler said in June 1933: “The student receives the specific education best in the SA; that is where he and his professor belong ”. In November 1933 he signed the German professors' confession of Adolf Hitler . On May 19, 1934, he joined the Sturmabteilung and gave lectures in SA uniform. Most recently he was SA storm leader . He followed Adolf Rein's ideas of a "political university". Senator Karl Witt entrusted Deuchler with the task of provisionally managing the psychological institute of the university after the dismissal of William Stern and transforming it politically. His doctoral students were selected National Socialists, and Georg Anschütz was appointed as the new director in 1942 . During the Second World War he published many articles in SA magazines. In 1942 he stayed for psychological studies in the Ukraine, in Kiev , and in 1944 in Ratibor for the Rosenberg office ( Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg , special staff science).

Deuchler was suspended in May 1945 and dismissed from the university in June 1945. He tried unsuccessfully to pass off his failed career plans as a resistance and fought for years for his rehabilitation. In 1950, however, he received his pension entitlement recognized.

Deuchler's son Werner Deuchler was a lawyer.

Fonts

  • On the morphology and psychology of school work. In: Journal for educational psychology and youth studies . Volume 14, No. 2, 1913, pp. 81-90 .
  • The new teacher training. Collected contributions, essays, lectures, guidelines, memoranda, reports and drafts. Westermann, Braunschweig 1925.
  • Possibilities and limits of experimental pedagogy (= Friedrich Mann's pedagogical magazine. 1059 = Educational scientific work. 3, ZDB -ID 505486-2 ). Beyer, Langensalza 1926.
  • The essence of educational science. (1928)

literature

  • Hans-Peter de Lorent : Gustaf Adolf Deuchler. Full professor in SA uniform. In: Hans-Peter de Lorent: perpetrator profiles. Those responsible in Hamburg's education system under the swastika. Volume 1 . Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg - State Center for Civic Education, Hamburg 2016, ISBN 978-3-929728-92-7 , pp. 142–161 .
  • Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945 (= Fischer pocket books. 16048). Updated edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-596-16048-0 .
  • Hans-Christian Harten, Uwe Neirich, Matthias Schwerendt: Racial hygiene as an educational ideology of the Third Reich. Bio-bibliographical manual (=  Education and Science Edition . Volume 10 ). Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-05-004094-7 ( google.de [accessed on July 24, 2020]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gustaf Deuchler: About the methods of correlation calculation in psychology. In: Journal of Educational Psychology and Experimental Pedagogy. Volume 15, 1914, pp. 114-131, 145-159, 229-242, Online (digizeitschriften.de)
    See also: William H. Kruskal : Historical Note on the Wilcoxon unpaired two-sample test. In: Journal of the American Statistical Association. Vol. 52, No. 279, 1957, pp. 356-360, JSTOR 2280906 .
  2. ↑ Quotes from de Lorent
personal data
SURNAME Deuchler, Gustaf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Deuchler, Gustav Adolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German educator
DATE OF BIRTH February 23, 1883
PLACE OF BIRTH Unteröwisheim
DATE OF DEATH January 19, 1955
Place of death Hamburg