Juniperus deltoides
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Juniperus deltoides in Bulgaria |
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Juniperus deltoides is a species of juniper ( Juniperus ). It is native from Italy to the Caucasus region.
description
Juniperus deltoides forms shrubs or trees with heights of growth of up to 12 meters and often pyramidal crowns. The leaves are needle-shaped, 9 to 17 mm long, 1.5 to 2.4 mm wide and have greenish-gray bands on the leaf surface, which, unlike other juniper species, are not sunk.
Juniperus deltoides is dioecious separately sexed ( diocesan ). The spherical cones ripen in the second year and change color from green to brown-yellow during the ripening process. When ripe they are dark red and usually contain three seeds.
Occurrence and ecology
Juniperus deltoides replaces the, according to current research, western Mediterranean Juniperus oxycedrus , to which it was previously placed, in the eastern Mediterranean area. It occurs in Italy , on the Balkan Peninsula, on Crete and Cyprus , in Turkey , in Syria , Lebanon and Israel and eastward to the Caucasus and northwestern Iran and is to be found among other things with the smelly juniper .
Juniperus deltoides is the host plant of Arceuthobium oxycedri .
Systematics
Juniperus deltoides is listed in the Juniperus section ; this section is rated as a sub-genre in some sources.
The Typus specimen was collected by Robert P. Adams on May 22, 2001 14 km east of Arachova in the Greek prefecture of Boeotia at 420 m above sea level .
Juniperus deltoides differs from Juniperus oxycedrus by the needles, which are barely narrowed at the base and have not recessed wax bands on their upper side, as well as by the slightly protruding tips of the cone scales and the pyramidal crown outline. However, in a biometric study, statistical differences between populations from the west and east of the Mediterranean were found, but the morphological differences were so small that taxonomic separation was not advocated. In Juniperus deltoides is a so-called cryptic species whose molecular genetic and phytochemical differentiation is markedly clearer than the morphological basis of which they hardly of the related Juniperus oxycedrus must be distinguished. In 2009 the classification as a subspecies Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. deltoides (RP Adams) NGPassal. suggested.
Varieties
One can differentiate between the following varieties:
- Juniperus deltoides var. Deltoides
- Juniperus deltoides var. Spilinana (Yalt., Eliçin & Terzioglu) Terzioglu : This variety was first described in western Turkey in 2007 as Juniperus oxycedrus var. Spilinana Yalt., Eliçin & Terzioglu . It has been considered a variety of Juniperus deltoides since 2010 .
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literature
- Robert P. Adams: Juniperus deltoides, a New Species, and Nomenclatural Notes on Juniperus polycarpos and J. turcomanica (Cupressaceae) . In: Phytologia . tape 86 , no. 2 , 2005, p. 49-53 ( PDF (4.44 kB) ).
- Robert P. Adams: Junipers of the World: The genus Juniperus. 2nd Edition. Trafford, Victoria 2008, ISBN 978-1-425-16879-7 , pp. 159-161 Juniperus deltoides (PDF file) .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Robert P. Adams, Julie A. Morris, Ram N. Pandey, Andrea E. Schwarzbach: Cryptic speciation between Juniperus deltoides and Juniperus oxycedrus (Cupressaceae) in the Mediterranean . In: Biochemical Systematics and Ecology . tape 33 , no. 8 , 2005, p. 771-787 , doi : 10.1016 / j.bse.2005.01.001 .
- ↑ Knut Ib Christensen: Juniperus . In Arne Strid, Kit Tan (ed.): Flora Hellenica. Volume One (Gymnospermae to Caryophyllaceae) . Koeltz Scientific Books, Königstein 1997, ISBN 3-87429-391-2 , p. 10-15 (as Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. Oxycedrus ).
- ↑ Małgorzata Klimko, Krystyna Boratyńska, Jose Maria Montserrat, Yakov Didukh, Angel Romo, Daniel Gómez, Magdalena Kluza-Wieloch, Katarzyna Marcysiak, Adam Boratyński: Morphological variation of Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus (Cupressaceae) in the Mediterranean region . In: Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants . tape 202 , no. 2 , 2007, p. 133-147 , doi : 10.1016 / j.flora.2006.03.006 .
- ^ Nicodemo Giuseppe Passalacqua: Notulae alla checklist della flora vascolare italiana: 1566 . In: Informatore Botanico Italiano . tape 41 , no. 1 , 2009, p. 141 .
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Juniperus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 25, 2019.
