Juniperus grandis
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Juniperus grandis near Lake Aloha in California |
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| RPAdams |
Juniperus grandis is a plant from the family of the cypress family (Cupressaceae). It occurs in California and is considered by some authors as a subspecies or variety of the West American juniper ( Juniperus occidentalis ).
description
Juniperus grandis grows as an evergreen tree that can reach heights of up to 30 meters and a diameter of over 3.8 meters at chest height . The branches upright or hanging from the trunk. The bark is brown in color.
The scale-like leaves have a gland.
About 5 percent of all trees of Juniperus grandis are dioecious ( diocesan ). The flowering time is in spring and the berry cones ripen in the following year. The cones are 5 to 9 millimeters long and are colored blue to blue-black as they mature. Each cone carries one to three seeds which are surrounded by a resinous pulp. Seedlings usually have three to four cotyledons ( cotyledons ).
Distribution and location
The natural range of Juniperus grandis is in California. It extends there from the Sierra Nevada in the north to San Bernardino County in the south.
Juniperus grandis thrives at altitudes of 1000 to 3000 meters. You can find them there mostly on dry, stony and shallow slopes. In the Sierra Nevada, the species often forms mixed stands with the magnificent fir ( Abies magnifica ), the white-stemmed pine ( Pinus albicaulis ), the coastal pine ( Pinus contorta ), the Jeffrey pine ( Pinus jeffreyi ) and the mountain hemlock ( Tsuga mertensiana ).
use
The wood from Juniperus grandis is used to make fence posts. It is also a popular type of bonsai .
Systematics
The first description as Juniperus occidentalis subsp. australis was carried out in 1966 by Frank Charles Vasek in Brittonia , volume 18, page 352. DNA analyzes carried out by Robert P. Adams in 2006 showed that the subspecies is closer to the Utah juniper ( Juniperus osteosperma ) than to the West American juniper ( Juniperus occidentalis ) Is related. He therefore raised them in Phytologia . Volume 88, page 306 in the species status where he chose the specific epithet grandis because Juniperus australis was already assigned as a synonym for a variety of the Caribbean juniper ( Juniperus barbadensis ).
Hazard and protection
Juniperus grandis is not on the IUCN Red List . The species is not considered endangered.
swell
- Christopher J. Earle: Juniperus occidentalis subsp. australis. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, May 21, 2011, accessed October 1, 2012 .
- Juniperus grandis . In: Michael J. Warnock (Ed.): Phytologia . Volume 90, No. 3 . Texensis Publishing, Gruver, Texas December 2008, pp. 286–287 (English, online [accessed October 4, 2012]).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Christopher J. Earle: Juniperus occidentalis subsp. australis. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, May 21, 2011, accessed October 1, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Juniperus grandis . In: Michael J. Warnock (Ed.): Phytologia . Volume 90, No. 3 . Texensis Publishing, Gruver, Texas December 2008, pp. 286–287 (English, online [accessed October 4, 2012]).
- ↑ Juniperus occidentalis subsp. australis at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 10, 2012.
- ↑ Juniperus grandis. In: The Plant List. www.theplantlist.org, accessed on August 10, 2012 (English).
- ↑ Juniperus grandis . In: Michael J. Warnock (Ed.): Phytologia . Volume 88, No. 3 . Texensis Publishing, Gruver, Texas December 2006, pp. 306 (English, online [accessed October 4, 2012]).