Granular wart
| Granular wart | ||||||||||||
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Grain wart ( Carabus cancellatus ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Carabus cancellatus | ||||||||||||
| Illiger , 1798 |
The granular wart ( Carabus cancellatus ) is a beetle from the family of ground beetles (Carabidae).
features
The beetles reach a body length of 17 to 32 millimeters. Their body color is very variable and ranges from bronze and copper to brass green and - rarely - black. That is why the species is divided into several subspecies. The cover wings each have three interrupted chain lines and three continuous longitudinal ribs in between. The cover wings are clearly indented at the tip, deeper in the females than in the males. The first sensor element is colored red for most grains warts what they slightly from the other Carabus different styles. The thighs of some animals are also red (picture 1). The sides of the elytra are more rounded than in Carabus granulatus and reach the greatest width approximately in the middle. The posterior angles of the pronotum are flatter than in Carabus granulatus .
Similar species
- Granular ground beetle ( Carabus granulatus )
- Robust ground beetle ( Carabus ullrichi )
Subspecies
The species is currently divided into nine subspecies:
- Carabus cancellatus alessiensis Apfelbeck, 1901
- Carabus cancellatus cancellatus Illiger, 1798
- Carabus cancellatus carinatus Charpentier, 1825
- Carabus cancellatus corpulentus Kraatz, 1880
- Carabus cancellatus emarginatus Duftschmid, 1812
- Carabus cancellatus excisus Dejean, 1826
- Carabus cancellatus graniger Palliardi, 1825
- Carabus cancellatus intermedius Dejean, 1826
- Carabus cancellatus tibiscinus Csiki, 1905
Synonyms
- Carabus durus Reitter, 1896
- Carabus scythicus foam, 1857
- Carabus semistriatus Fischer von Waldheim, 1823
- Carabus sulinensis Born, 1902
Occurrence
The animals occur in Europe and Asia , are absent in the far north and south from northern Italy and the Pyrenees . They were introduced in the British Isles. Corn warts live in fields, meadows and in gardens, more rarely also in mainly open forests, from the plains to the mountains at around 1,000 meters above sea level. The common species is found mainly under stones from April to September.
Way of life
The day and nocturnal predators feed on insects, snails, earthworms and carrion and are important biological pest fighters . They are among the fastest ground beetles and can travel a meter in about six seconds. If the animals are disturbed, they can inject gastric juice up to 25 centimeters. The females lay about 45 eggs, from which larvae hatch, which have a similar way of life as the adults . They pupate in the same year, so that the adults hatch in autumn. These overwinter under bark or between tufts of grass from around October, are sometimes sociable and reappear in April of the following year. You will then still live until August.
credentials
- ↑ a b c d e Carabus (Tachypus) cancellatus Illiger 1798. Fauna Europaea, Version 1.3, April 19, 2007 , accessed on October 6, 2007 .
literature
- Ekkehard Wachmann , Ralph Platen, Dieter Barndt: Ground beetle - observation, way of life , Naturbuch-Verlag, Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-89440-125-7
- Jiři Zahradnik, Irmgard Jung, Dieter Jung et al .: Beetles of Central and Northwestern Europe. Parey, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-490-27118-1 .
- Edmund Reitter : Fauna Germanica - The beetles of the German Empire. Volume 1 p. 86, KG Lutz, Stuttgart 1908
- Edmund Reitter : Fauna Germanica. The beetles of the German Reich (= digital library . 134). Neusatz and facsimile of the 5-volume edition Stuttgart 1908 to 1916. Directmedia Publishing, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-89853-534-7 .
