Hanover-Mühlenberg subcamp

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Memorial stone for the Hanover-Mühlenberg satellite camp

The Hanover-Mühlenberg satellite camp was established in early February 1945 as a satellite camp of the Neuengamme concentration camp in Hanover near the Oberricklingen district . The SS operated it for two months until it was evacuated on April 6, 1945.

Concentration camp inmates

The concentration camp prisoners came to the Mauthausen concentration camp from the Auschwitz subcamp in Laurahütte , which had been cleared by the Red Army and where they manufactured 12.8 cm anti-aircraft guns at Oberschlesischen Gerätebau GmbH . 134 prisoners were believed to have died on the six-day journey. From there, 500 prisoners came to Hanover in four barracks of the Mühlenberg camp with 40 barracks, in which there were 3,000 forced laborers who worked for Hanomag . The structural conditions were catastrophic, some doors and windows were missing and the sanitary facilities were mostly defective. In Hanover, 250 concentration camp prisoners worked two 12-hour shifts. About half of the Jewish prisoners came from Poland and Hungary as well as from other countries and were used to produce the 12.8 cm guns.

Warehouse staff

The command leader was SS-Oberscharführer Walter Quakernack and the SS guards, including violent marines under the leadership of Obermaats Ehrhardt Adamcyk . At least 79 prisoners did not survive their imprisonment until the evacuation of the concentration camp on April 6, 1945.

After the end of the war, Quakernack was sentenced to death by hanging by a British military court in the second Bergen-Belsen trial and was executed in Hameln prison on October 11, 1946 . The SS Rottenführer Friedrich Wilhelm Rex , who was employed in the camp, was sentenced to six years imprisonment before the Hanover regional court in 1981 , which he did not have to serve for health reasons. The co-defendant SS Rottenführer Alfred Grams received an acquittal.

Eviction of the camp

When the camp was evacuated, the prisoners who were able to march were forced to march to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp , which they reached on April 8, 1945. 100 prisoners remained in the camp. 50 of them were shot by the SS guards and the rest came to Bergen-Belsen by truck . The prisoners who survived there were liberated on April 15, 1945.

memorial

Until they were demolished in 1960, the barracks on the camp grounds were used as living space for refugees in the completely destroyed Hanover; in the 1960s, the new district of Hanover-Mühlenberg was built there. In 1978, the city of Hanover erected a memorial stone on the site of the former satellite camp, which has been located in the entrance area of ​​the Mühlenberger Dietrich Bonhoeffer Church not far from the camp site since 1982.

The history of this camp, the fate of the prisoners and the reappraisal in the post-war period - in particular the criminal prosecution - were comprehensively documented in the mid-1980s.

literature

Web links

Commons : Mühlenberg concentration camp branch (Hanover)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Name of the camp also Hannover-Mühlenberg (Hanomag / Linden) , cf. www.kz-gedenkstaette-neuengamme.de
  2. ↑ See Federal Ministry of Justice : Directory of the concentration camps and their external commandos in accordance with Section 42 (2) BEG No. 571 Hannover-Linden
  3. ^ Benz, Diestel: The place of terror. 2007, p. 422.
  4. ^ Rainer Fröbe, Claus Füllberg-Stolberg, Christoph Gutmann, Rolf Keller, Herbert Obenaus, Hans Hermann Schröder: Concentration camp in Hanover. Concentration camp work and the armaments industry in the late phase of the Second World War (= publications by the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen. Vol. 35 = Sources and studies on the general history of Lower Saxony in modern times. Vol. 8). 2 volumes. Lax, Hildesheim 1985, ISBN 3-7848-2422-6 .

Coordinates: 52 ° 20 ′ 28.7 "  N , 9 ° 41 ′ 45.6"  E