Penno cabinet

The government-in-exile of the Republic of Estonia under Prime Minister Enno Penno ("Penno Cabinet") was in office from June 20, 1990 to October 7, 1992. According to official counts, it was the 33rd government of the Republic of Estonia since independence was declared in 1918 and the fifth last Estonian government in exile after the Soviet Union occupied Estonia . She stayed in office for 841 days.

Political development

On March 1, 1990, the former head of government in exile Heinrich Mark (1911-2004) appointed the politician Enno Penno (* 1930) as his successor. Penno reshuffled the cabinet on June 20, 1990. Mark took over the role of head of state in exile as the successor to the frail Tõnis Kint (1896–1991).

The government-in-exile under Enno Penno was strongly influenced by the upheavals in the Estonian SSR . On March 18, 1990, the last elections for the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR took place. The democratic Rahvarinne received 45 of the 105 seats in parliament. On April 3, 1990, Edgar Savisaar and his cabinet, a democratically elected Estonian (transitional) government, took office. This accelerated the political process towards independence for the country. On August 20, 1991, during the coup in Moscow, it led to the final separation of Estonia from the Soviet Union and to regaining national independence.

On January 30, 1992 Edgar Savisaar was replaced by Tiit Vähi as (interim) prime minister. On July 3, 1992, following a referendum, the new constitution of the Republic of Estonia came into force. On September 20, 1992, the first free parliamentary election after World War II took place in Estonia.

Earlier, on July 16, 1992, the Estonian government-in-exile had issued a brief declaration after the entry into force of the new constitution that it would be dissolved on the meeting of the freely elected parliament and a new president.

The freely elected parliament met for the first time on October 5th. On October 6th, Lennart Meri was sworn in as President of the Republic of Estonia. One day later, Heinrich Mark made a solemn declaration to the members of parliament that he was handing over his powers to the elected state organs of the Republic of Estonia. Estonia was again a free and sovereign state.

Cabinet members

Department	Surname	Term of office
Deputy Prime Minister in exile	Enno Penno	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Minister in exile	Arvo Horm	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Finance Minister in exile	Peeter Luksep	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Minister in exile	Ants Pallop	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Minister of Justice in exile	Aino Lepik from Wirén	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Interior Minister in exile	Aksel Mark	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Transport minister in exile	Jaan Tiimusk	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Minister of War in exile	Jüri Toomepuu	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Minister of Social Affairs in exile	Ivar Paljak	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Minister of Education in exile	Johan Ungerson	June 20, 1990 - November 20, 1991
Managing Minister of Education in exile	Ivar Paljak	February 23, 1992 - October 7, 1992
Minister of Economics in exile	Mihkel Mathiesen	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Foreign Minister in Exile	Olev Olesk	June 20, 1990 - October 7, 1992
Minister of Agriculture in exile	Helmut Talts	June 20, 1990 - July 2, 1992

See also

• Estonian government

Web links

• Government (Estonian State Chancellery)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original dated November 2, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
2. ↑ The declaration has the following wording: Eesti Vabariigi kodanikud on rahvahääletusel vastu võtnud uue põhiseaduse. Sellega on alanud Eesti Vabariigi taastamise uus periood, mil hakatakse taas rakendama põhiseaduslikku riigikorda. Eesti rahval on võimalik valida Riigikogu ja Vabariigi President. Sellepärast on Eesti Vabariigi Valitsus eksiilis otsustanud oma tegevuse lõpetada. Eesti Vabariigi järjepidavusemarkeerimiseks toimub Vabariigi Valitsuse eksiilis tegevuse lõpetamine ja Peaministri Vabariigi Presidendi üleandeis ametist lahkumine samaaegselt uue phiseaduse järgi demokraatlikult valitud jakutigiisse kuigiku. Peaminister Vabariigi Presidendi ülesandeis Heinrich Mark ja peaministri asetäitja Enno Penno.
3. ↑ Text under Meie Parlament ja aeg 1992 ( Memento of the original from November 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.