Cairo Declaration

This article deals with the Allied declaration of policy towards Japan during World War II. For the human rights declaration of the OIC Foreign Ministers' Conference, see Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam .

Chiang Kai-shek, Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Winston Churchill in Cairo, November 25, 1943.

The Cairo Declaration of November 27, 1943 (published December 1, 1943) was an official American-British-Chinese communiqué during World War II . The statement on the Allied war goals against Japan , agreed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt , Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek at the Cairo Conference (November 22-26, 1943), contained the following main points:

• The Allies continued their military operations until Japan's unconditional surrender.
• The Allies did not wage a war of expansion.
• Japan must be deprived of all Pacific islands occupied or conquered since the beginning of World War I.
• All Chinese areas stolen by Japan, such as Manchuria , Taiwan or the Pescadores, would have to revert to the Republic of China .
• Korea should become free and independent.

The Cairo Declaration had a direct or indirect effect in two further fundamental documents from the final phase of World War II: Item 8 of the Potsdam Declaration on the Conditions for a Japanese Surrender of July 26, 1945 demanded the implementation of the Cairo Declaration, and the Japanese Document of Surrender of 2 July 1945 September 1945 referred again to the Potsdam Declaration,

The Cairo Declaration and Taiwan's affiliation with China, which it calls for, have become a point of contention between the Taiwanese independence movement and the People's Republic of China ( Taiwan conflict ). While the latter regards it as a binding act under international law that retained its validity until the end of the war, it only regards it as a mere press release on military-political intentions without any legal force, since it is not based on any document signed by the Allied heads of government (Roosevelt, Churchill, Chiang) .

In the dispute over the controversial Diaoyu (tai) / Senkaku Islands , China refers to the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Declaration and thus also to the Japanese document of surrender that all Chinese territories stolen by Japan will revert to the Republic of China, including those for China the Diaoyu Islands, incorporated into Japan on January 14, 1895, shortly before the defeat of China in the First Sino-Japanese War , count, which is denied by Japan.

literature

• Thomas Weyrauch: China's neglected republic. 100 years in the shadow of world history. Volume 1 (1911-1949) . Longtai-Verlag, Giessen 2009, ISBN 978-3-938946-14-5 .

Web links

• Copy of the Cairo Declaration
• Illustration of the press release

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Ingo Nentwig: When the facts disturb. In: Junge Welt from September 18, 2012 on AG Peace Research. Retrieved December 6, 2013.