Canadian elderberry
| Canadian elderberry | ||||||||||||
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Sambucus canadensis ( Sambucus nigra subsp. Canadensis ), flowering |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Bolli |
The Canadian elderberry ( Sambucus nigra subsp. Canadensis ) is a subspecies of occurring in Central Europe plant black elder ( Sambucus nigra ) from the family of adoxaceae (Adoxaceae).
description
The Canadian elder is a large shrub or small tree that can grow to heights of up to 3 meters. Its wood is soft, its marrow white. The bark of its young branches is slightly frosted. The opposite, pinnate leaves are up to 30 centimeters long, 18 centimeters wide and usually five to eleven parts. The leaflets, which are serrated on the edge, are elliptical to lanceolate, 3 to 15 centimeters long and 4 to 5 centimeters wide, hairy on the upper side when young, later glabrous except for individual hairs on the veins on the underside. The stipules are stem-like.
The arched, umbrella-shaped, branched zymous inflorescence with a diameter of up to 30 centimeters is glabrous. The pleasantly fragrant, hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold. The five sepals are greenish. The five light yellowish-white petals are fused at the base. There is only one circle with five stamens that have grown together with the petals ; the white stamens are 2.4 millimeters long and the yellow anthers are 5 millimeters long. The ovary is subordinate. The scar is five-lobed.
The tasty, berry-like fruits with a diameter of 4 to 6 millimeters are round and shiny and smooth. The fruits contain four seeds.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
distribution
The Canadian elder is found in open spots in forests, on river banks and in swamps in eastern North America to Florida , Texas and Arizona . There are also deposits in the Antilles and Mexico . The Canadian elder prefers fresh soils.
Taxonomy
The position of this species is controversial. It was in 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , Volume 1, page 269 as a kind of Sambucus canadensis first described . In 1994 it was transferred to Richard Bolli in Dissertationes Botanicae , Volume 223, Page 168 as Sambucus nigra L. subsp. canadensis ( L. ) Bolli to the rank of a subspecies. This species was last listed in 2003 by Billie Lee Turner in Sida, Botanical Miscellany , Volume 24, Page 6 as the variety Sambucus nigra L. var. Canadensis ( L. ) BLTurner .
Other synonyms are Sambucus mexicana C. Presl ex DC. , Sambucus oreopola Donn.Sm. Rehder , Sambucus simpsonii .
swell
- Camillo Karl Schneider : Illustrated Handbook of Hardwood Science , Vol. 2, Jena, 1912, p. 635, Sambucus canadensis Online
- John Kunkel Small: Manual of the southeastern flora , New York, 1933, pp. 1269-1270, Sambucus canadensis Online
Individual evidence
- ↑ Description of the subspecies at the United States Department of Agriculture
- ↑ a b Profile of Sambucus canadensis at missouriplants. (engl.)
- ↑ Sambucus canadensis at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum . tape 1 . Stockholm 1753, p. 269 ( Online - Sambucus canadensis scanned in Biodiversity Heritage Library ).
- ^ Richard Bolli: Revision of the Genus Sambucus . - Dissertationes Botanicae, Volume 223, p. 168, 1994.
- ↑ a b Sambucus canadensis L. In: Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden, accessed December 29, 2011 .
- ^ GRIN Taxonomy for Plants. Taxon: Sambucus canadensis L. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area, accessed December 29, 2011 .
