Karl Marx House
The Karl Marx House in Trier is the birthplace of the German economist , philosopher , author and revolutionary Karl Marx and is now a museum.
history
The house was built around 1550 and changed significantly in 1727 in Brückengasse 664 (today Brückenstraße 10), presumably on behalf of the Electorate Chamber Councilor Johann Wilhelm Jakob Polch, including older back buildings. Karl Marx was born here on May 5, 1818 as the third child of the Jewish lawyer Heinrich Marx and his also Jewish wife Henriette Marx (* 1788, † 1863), born in Presburg. The family lived there for rent from April 1, 1818. In October 1819 she moved into a purchased, smaller house ( Karl-Marx-Wohnhaus ) in Simeongasse (today Simeonstrasse 8), near Porta Nigra . Today there is only a plaque commemorating Karl Marx.
In 1875 the house on Brückenstraße was raised by another floor and a shop was built on the ground floor. The two-storey, eaves-standing building with five axes, segmented arched window walls with wedge stones and a mansard roof corresponds entirely to the regional building scheme of the Saar-Mosel region in the 18th century.
Rediscovery, SPD purchase and expropriation
The house where Karl Marx was born fell into oblivion and was only identified in 1904 by an advertisement for his father Heinrich Marx in the Trierische Zeitung on April 5, 1818. After a long effort, the SPD was only able to acquire the house, which had been heavily modified in the 19th and early 20th centuries, in 1928. From 1930 it was restored by the Trier architect Gustav Kasel (1883–1951). The attempt was made to restore the building to its original state as much as possible; Among other things, a floor that was added later was removed and the original mansard roof was reconstructed. Later built-in shop windows were removed on the ground floor, the former rear buildings and the garden were only preserved in remnants and also had to be reconstructed. Due to the slow progress of this work, the opening as a memorial, planned for May 5, 1931, the 113th birthday of Marx, was delayed. The opening was planned as a "House of the Workers" in the form of a Marx / Engels Museum with an international research center. Obviously, the establishment of a collection had already started for this institution, at least various books with a corresponding ownership stamp of the institution are known from other libraries. In the final phase of the Weimar Republic , the house was the subject of political controversy because of its symbolic power.
With the seizure of power of the Nazis in 1933, the prestigious house was in May 1933 expropriated and when printing the NSDAP -Parteizeitung " Trier National Journal used".
Museum Karl Marx House Trier
From May 5, 1947, his life and work were presented here under the name Karl-Marx-Haus in several exhibition rooms. In 1968 the house was incorporated into the Friedrich Ebert Foundation and reopened on May 5, 1968 by Willy Brandt , and a research center was added. On March 14, 1983 (the 100th anniversary of Karl Marx's death), the museum reopened its doors after a year of conversion and renovation work on all three floors. On September 10, 1987, the Chairman of the State Council of the GDR, Erich Honecker , visited Trier, among others , as part of his visit to the Federal Republic . He was a guest in the Karl Marx House and laid a wreath. Honecker saw this as a “special highlight” of his trip.
In 2005 the house received a completely redesigned exhibition. It now also takes into account the history of communism in the Soviet Union , in the rest of the Eastern Bloc and in China, and is increasingly dedicated to the history of Marx's impact.
Showrooms in 2003
Showrooms in 2003
chinese signpost
Bust of Marx in the garden of the house
A SED delegation headed by Kurt Tiedke visits the Karl Marx House (1978)
The Karl-Marx-Haus has around 32,000 visitors annually (as of June 2005). Around a third of them are tourists from China , for whom it is one of the main attractions in Germany.
literature
- Heinz Monz: The house where Karl Marx was born in Trier. Floor plans by Johann Monz. Edited by the Karl Marx House administration. Trier 1967. Table of contents online
- Albert Rauch: The house where Karl Marx was born in Trier. Supplements to a brochure by Heinz Monz (Trier 1967) . In: New Trierian Yearbook 1973 . Trier 1973, pp. 113-115.
- Karl Marx House Trier. Photo documents about the birthplace of Karl Marx in the past and present . 2nd edition Trier 1977.
- Karl Marx House. Museum library research institute. A walk through the house where Karl Marx was born . Trier 1979.
- Peter Graffga: Notes on the relationship between schools and museums: The example of the Karl Marx House in Trier . Special print, Trier 1980.
- Helmut Elsner: museum. Karl Marx House Trier . Westermann Verlag, Braunschweig 1983. ISSN 0341-8634
- Jürgen Herres: The Karl Marx House in Trier. 1727 - today . Neu GmbH Trier 1993. ISBN 3-926132-19-1 .
- Beatrix Bouvier and Mario Bungert: Karl Marx (1813–1883) life - work - effect up to the present. Exhibition in the birth house in Trier , published by Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Bonn 2005. ISBN 3-89892-379-7 .
swell
- ↑ Architecture Guide Trier, ed. by Jens Fachbach, Stefan Heinz, Georg Schelbert and Andreas Tacke, Petersberg 2015, pp. 96–97.
- ↑ Trier Biographical Lexicon , Trier 2000, pp. 209–210.
- ↑ A series of publications was published: Writings from the Karl Marx House , with a total of 51 issues and one supplement between 1969 and 2004.
- ↑ Erich Honecker's visit to the Federal Republic of Germany 1987 ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed August 11, 2015.
- ^ TAZ: Visit to the left superfather , December 17, 2009
Web links
- Homepage of the Museum Karl-Marx-Haus Trier
- Documentary about Karl Marx - made in cooperation with the museum
Coordinates: 49 ° 45 '14.1 " N , 6 ° 38' 8.7" E