Carl Exter

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Carl Exter

Carl Exter (born June 11, 1816 in Zweibrücken , † October 30, 1870 in Munich , also written as Karl Exter ) was a German railway engineer and inventor.

Life

Exter studied steam engine and locomotive construction with Stephenson in Newcastle ( England ) until 1839 . Following his return to Germany, he became a machine master at the Taunus Railway Company . In 1842 he switched to the Royal Bavarian State Railways , where he was appointed chief engineer in 1848.

Exter designed a lever brake. This is still known today as the external brake or the external lever brake and is counted among the weight brakes, also known as throwing lever brakes. The external brake was used on tenders and steam locomotives. Exter also developed a rope brake. He also designed a steam-powered transfer table .

Extra press in the Bochum mining museum

Exter is also considered the inventor of the briquette press . He dealt with producing Presstorf in order to use it as fuel in the locomotive firing. In 1855, after several years of development work, he applied for a patent for an extrusion press . He had redesigned this from a press for bricks . The press was first used to press peat and later successfully to produce briquettes from raw lignite . It was first used in 1858 in the von der Heydt briquette factory in Ammendorf near Halle and from 1876 in the Roddergrube briquette factory in the Rhenish lignite district. Exter's steam-powered press helped the coal briquette break through. It was used as a high-quality domestic and industrial fuel and was a raw material for the chemical industry.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Exter. In: Viktor von Röll (ed.): Encyclopedia of the Railway System . 2nd Edition. Volume 4: Express Train Driving Rules . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1913, p.  423 .
  2. ↑ Viktor von Röll: Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens , 1912, Vol. 3, pp. 16–52
  3. ↑ No construction details known, for functional principle, see lever arm brake
  4. ↑ Carl Exter - pioneer of briquetting - the inventor of the extrusion press ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ^ Friedrich Berg: 150 years of brown coal briquette. (PDF) Drive of industrialization, heat source for people. (No longer available online.) In: Bergbau. Ring Deutscher Bergingenieure, 2009, archived from the original on April 2, 2015 ; accessed on March 26, 2015 .
  6. ↑ The first developments of single-line steam briquette presses ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Exter, Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Exter, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German railway engineer
DATE OF BIRTH June 11, 1816
PLACE OF BIRTH Zweibrücken
DATE OF DEATH October 30, 1870
Place of death Munich