Karl Heinz Bremer

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Karl Heinz Bremer (also Karl-Heinz; born November 16, 1911 in Frankfurt am Main , † May 2, 1942 with Veliky Novgorod am Ilmensee ) was a German Romanist under National Socialism .

Life

Bremer, son of the engineer Wilhelm Bremer, attended secondary school in Mannheim and studied history, Romance studies and political science in Heidelberg, Königsberg and Paris and received his doctorate on April 7, 1934 under Hans Rothfels at the Albertina in Königsberg . There he began as a French lecturer. From 1936 he worked as a German lecturer in Paris at the Sorbonne and at the École normal supérieure . Bremer joined the NSDAP on May 1, 1937 while still working in France and was assigned to the NSDAP / AO .

Bremer was employed as an assistant at the Kiel Institute for Politics and International Law from April 1939 and assisted Paul Ritterbusch at the Romanist Conference on May 17 and 18, 1940 in Berlin, at which the war effort of the humanities was planned. After the defeat of France , Bremer became its deputy director under Karl Epting and head of its scientific department in the course of the establishment of the German Institute in Paris in the autumn of 1940 . At the German Institute, he headed the Franco-German translation committee and controlled French book production (together with Gerhard Heller , who managed the publishers and paper allocation). Together with Epting, he published the new Germany-France magazine and the associated series “Cahiers de l'Institut Allemand”. Bremer was a good friend of the French collaborator Robert Brasillach . He translated works of the writer Henry de Montherlant , so 1939 Service inutile (useless Serve) .

Bremer was drafted to the Eastern Front on February 27, 1942 , where he was ordered to relieve the Demyansk pocket, where he soon fell.

Montherlant wrote in the magazine “Germany-France. Quarterly publication of the German Institute Paris ", whose chief editor had been Bremer, an obituary in April 1943:" Souvenirs sur Karl Heinz Bremer ".

The book “Nationalism and Chauvinism in France” was put on the list of literature to be sorted out in the Soviet Zone in 1946 . The book “French Nationalism” was placed on the list of literature to be sorted out in the GDR in 1953 .

Political philosophy

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Bremer described the situation of the Second Republic in the following way: While the Republicans of 1848 were trying to resolve the constitutional question , Louis Napoleon realized that the social question was more crucial. Parliamentarism, with its conflicting political parties and class antagonisms, is incapable of resolving the social question. According to Napoleon, this can only be achieved by a socially oriented dictatorship. Its great aim has been to create a political system based on the unity of all classes and the interests of France. It was he who was the first to establish this new kind of state in the form of "authoritarian, plebiscitary leadership".

Bremer went on to say that Proudhon popularized the social idea, which was anti-liberal, so that the Second Empire would gain social significance. Proudhon developed a social idea for Louis Napoleon, which was to involve the workers in the Second Empire. Since Proudhon preferred slow changes, Napoleon rejected this solution.

Publications

(Selection, chronological)

  • Communism and Literature in France. in: The act . 28th year 1936, November.
  • The socialist emperor. in: The act. 30th year 1938, June.
  • French nationalism. A study of his intellectual structural change from the French Revolution to our days. Writings of the Institute for Politics and International Law at the University of Kiel; NF Vol. 6. Deutscher Rechtsverlag, Berlin 1939.
  • Nationalism and Chauvinism in France. Series: France versus civilization. Issue 23. Writings of the German Institute for Foreign Policy Research and the Hamburg Institute for Foreign Policy; Issue 78. Junker & Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1940.

literature

  • Maria Keipert (Red.): Biographical Handbook of the German Foreign Service 1871–1945. Published by the Foreign Office, Historical Service. Volume 1: Johannes Hürter : A – F. Schöningh, Paderborn et al. 2000, ISBN 3-506-71840-1 , p. 279 f.
  • Frank-Rutger Hausmann : "Devoured by the vortex of events" German Romance studies in the "Third Reich". Frankfurt 2008, ISBN 978-3-465-03584-8 .
  • Frank-Rutger Hausmann: Werner Krauss and the "war effort" of the German Romanists 1940–1941. ( PDF ).
  • Frank-Rutger Hausmann: "German Spiritual Science" in World War II. The "Ritterbusch Action" (1940–1945). 3rd expanded edition, Heidelberg: Synchron, 2007, ISBN 978-3-935025-98-0 .
  • Karl Kohut (ed.): Literature of the Resistance and collaboration in France. (Series: Focus on Romance Studies. Vol. 18 to 20) ISSN  0170-6284 .
  • Eckard Michels : The German Institute in Paris 1940–1944. A contribution to the German-French cultural relations and the foreign cultural policy of the Third Reich. Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-515-06381-1 .
  • François Dufay: The Autumn Journey. French writer in Germany in October 1941. A report. Siedler, Berlin 2001.
  • Alice Kaplan: The Collaborator. The Trial and Execution of Robert Brasillach . UP of Chicago, 2000, ISBN 0-226-42415-4 . Pp. 45-49.
  • J. Salwyn Schapiro: Liberalism and the Challenge of Fascism, Social Forces in England and France 1815-1870. McGraw-Hill, NY 1949. p. 328, quoted from Die Tat , pp. 160-171; P. 368.
  • Wolfgang Geiger: L'image de la France dans l'Allemagne Nazie 1933–1945. PU Rennes 1999 ISBN 2-86847-374-1 . Hausmann review at hsozkult.

Web links

  • Photo , November 1941 in Paris, back to the “autumn trip”: On the far left in Wehrmacht uniform Gerhard Heller, second from left Pierre Drieu la Rochelle , in the front in a white coat Robert Brasillach, on the far right with glasses by Karl Heinz Bremer.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michels: The German Institute in Paris 1940-1944. passim
  2. ↑ data from the Federal Foreign Office; Frank-Rutger Hausmann: Devoured by the vortex of events. P. 544.
  3. ↑ Michels: The German Institute in Paris 1940-1944. P. 73.
  4. ↑ Frank-Rutger Hausmann : Devoured by the vortex of events. , P. 543.
  5. ^ German administration for popular education in the Soviet occupation zone, list of the literature to be sorted out Transcript letter B # 1417, pages 17-64 Third supplement, Berlin: Zentralverlag, 1946 [1]
  6. ^ Ministry of National Education of the German Democratic Republic List of the literature to be sorted out Transcript letter B # 498, pages 12–30 Third supplement, Berlin: VEB Deutscher Zentralverlag, 1953 [2]
  7. ↑ www.jstor.org
personal data
SURNAME Bremer, Karl Heinz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bremer, Karl-Heinz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Romanist
DATE OF BIRTH November 16, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH May 2, 1942
Place of death near Veliky Novgorod on Lake Ilmen