Karl Nowotny

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Karl Nowotny

Karl Nowotny (born February 26, 1895 in Vienna , † April 18, 1965 in Waldegg in Styria) was an Austrian doctor, neurologist , psychiatrist , individual psychologist and lecturer at the University of Vienna.

Life

Nowotny's father Friedrich was a deputy inspector at the city of Vienna. The Nowotny family was Protestant and belonged to the Augsburg Confession . His mother Sophie Nowotny b. According to the files of the City of Vienna, Wessely was Protestant and originally of the Mosaic faith. Nowotny had been married to Margarethe Seelhofer since 1926, his marriage remained childless.

After graduating from high school in Vienna in 1914, he began studying medicine at the University of Vienna. During the First World War , Karl Nowotny worked as a medical assistant in various military hospitals from 1916 to 1917 and in a field hospital in Serbia in 1918 . After the war he had to interrupt his medical studies for financial reasons and worked as an assistant in a private sanatorium. In a member list of individual psychologists from 1924 he is already listed as a doctor.

After completing his doctorate, Karl Nowotny worked as a doctor at the Psychiatric-Neurological Clinic of the University of Vienna a. a. with Julius Wagner-Jauregg . In 1928 Nowotny joined Otto Pötzl's psychiatric and neurological clinic. From 1931 he was under Emil Mattauschek as a department assistant at the psychiatric-neurological branch department in the General Hospital in Vienna (AKH). He also headed the individual psychological outpatient clinic there.

He was dismissed from his position as a doctor in 1938 for reasons of parentage. During the Second World War he continued to practice freely, was called to other hospitals and was still in contact with the last three individual psychologists, the 63 individual psychologists who remained in Vienna before 1938 . After the Second World War, he was appointed to the university as a lecturer in psychiatry and neurology in May 1945 and was also the chief physician of the Maria Theresa Clinic. He held both positions until his retirement.

After his release, Nowotny continued to work in his existing neurological practice and as a consultant at various other hospitals. has been. From 1935 until his death, his private practice was in Haus Merkur at Lammgasse 1 at the corner of Florianigasse.

In the first days after the end of the Second World War, and definitely from May 21, 1945, Nowotny became head and primary school of the Wiener Städtische mental hospital Maria Theresia Schlößl , which he held until his retirement in 1960. Its aim was to protect people from the custody and development of drugs. The Maria Theresien Schlößl was partially destroyed in the war, Nowotny was in charge of the reconstruction. In the Maria Theresien-Schlössel, Nowotny, together with his friend and individual psychologist colleague Oskar Spiel, again set up an educational counseling center.

Nowotny died on April 18, 1965.

plant

Individual psychology

Karl Nowotny was in close contact with Alfred Adler , the founder of individual psychology , from around 1920. There he was a leading member and on the board of the medical field of individual psychology and also until 1938 on the board of the Society for Psychotherapy and Mental Hygiene . Karl Nowotny is already listed as a doctor on a list of individual psychologists from 1924.

He was a member of the Association for Individual Psychology and was involved in the association's board, held courses at various adult education centers, such as B. the Urania. In the legal notice of the International Journal for Individual Psychology (IZIP) he is listed as a permanent employee from 1924. From 1925 a medical specialist group developed within individual psychology, of which he was secretary for many years. Scientific papers in this context have appeared over the years, e.g. B. 1926 The technique of individual psychology . It is repeatedly listed in the IZIP in connection with lectures and courses in individual psychology. One reads the name Nowotny again and again in the IZIP, when u. a. about registering for Adler's courses.

The individual psychological association and the IZIP were dissolved around 1938 for political reasons. Of 63 Austrian individual psychologists, only Karl Nowotny, Ferdinand Birnbaum and Oskar Spiel were able to stay in Austria; the others had to leave the country or were sent to concentration camps because they were Jews or politically undesirable . Only a few survived the latter.

From 1942 onwards, an “illegally” working individual psychology working group was set up in Karl Nowotny's apartment, including Ferdinand Birnbaum , Oskar Spiel , Erwin Ringel and Walter Spiel and others. a. were involved.

Karl Nowotny offered the psychologist August Aichhorn and others backing as a doctor so that they could work during the war years.

From 1945 Nowotny stepped up for the re-establishment of individual psychology and brought the IZIP (International Journal for Individual Psychology ) back on track, which was only possible through the willing courtesy of the Springer Verlag in Vienna.

The cover of the first edition after the Second World War, the 16. JG from Jan – March 1947 states that Alfred Adler is the founder and publisher, now his daughter Alexandra Adler MD New York, USA. Edited by F. Birnbaum, K. Nowotny, O. Spiel.

Austrian Society for Psychotherapy and Mental Hygiene

In 1936 Nowotny belonged to the board of directors of the Austrian Society for Psychotherapy and Mental Hygiene with Otto Kauders and Erwin Stransky. All three were removed from this body for political reasons during the Nazi era .

Awards

  • Around 1960 Nowotny was honored by the Society for Psychotherapy and Mental Hygiene for his commitment during the founding period and after the Second World War.

Fonts

  • 1926: The technique of individual psychology. In: E. Wexberg (Ed.): Handbuch der Individualpsychologie. Munich 1926, pp. 646-661.
  • 1927: Review by K. Birnbaum: The psychic healing methods. IZIP 5/4, pp. 309–311 - (IZIP = International Journal for Individual Psychology)
  • 1930: Review by A. Flinker: Study on cretinism. IZIP 10/6, p. 478.
  • 1931: Review by H. Prinzhorn: Psychotherapy. IZIP9 / 1, pp. 63-64.
  • 1931: Review by M. Hirschfeld: Sexualpathologie. IZIP9 / 2, pp. 151-152.
  • 1931: Report on the individual psychological outpatient clinic of the psychiatric-neurological department of the Vienna general hospital. IZIP 9, pp. 474-477.
  • 1932: Report on the psychotherapeutic outpatient clinic of the Psychiatric-Neurological Department of the General Hospital. Vienna. Medical weekly 12.
  • 1933: Review by WN Speranski, IZIP 11, p. 77.
  • 1933: nervousness. IZIP 11, pp. 20-28.
  • 1934: On the knowledge of the neuromas of the trigeminal nerve. In: Journal for the whole of neurology and psychiatry.
  • 1936: Nervousness. IJIP 2/1, pp. 62-70.
  • 1938: On the clinic and pathology of myasthenia gravis. In: Journal of Molecular Medicine.
  • 1945: Nowotny writes his curriculum vitae
  • 1947: Alfred Adler - life and work. Lecture and script on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of Alfred Adler's death.
  • 1949: Individual psychology as a science of reality. IZIP 18, pp. 1-7.
  • 1960: Memoirs of his 1938 dismissal.

literature

  • Rudolf Dreikurs : Karl Nowotny 1895–1965. Obituary . In: Journal of Individual Psychology. 1965.
  • Heinz Hillmann (alias: Chief Medical Officer Heinz Fidelsberger): Help in life for the healthy and the sick. Verlag Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1973.
  • Bernhard Handlbauer: The history of the development of the individual psychology of Alfred Adler . Publisher Geyer-Edition, Vienna / Salzburg 1984.
  • Karl Heinz Tragl: Chronicle of the Vienna hospitals . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-205-77595-9 .
  • Gernot Schnaberth, Koblitzek Ruth: Neurology in Vienna 1870–2010, 100 years of the Rosenhügel Neurological Center . A Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation. Association for Historical Research, ISBN 978-3-9501238-5-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Karl Heinz Tragl: Chronicle of the Vienna hospitals. Retrieved September 1, 2014.
  2. ^ A b c Clara Kenner: The torn sky: Emigration and exile of the Viennese individual psychology. Retrieved September 1, 2014.
  3. ^ In E. Wexberg: Handbook of Individual Psychology. Munich 1926, pp. 646-661

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Nowotny, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian doctor
DATE OF BIRTH February 26, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH April 18, 1965
Place of death Waldegg in Styria