August Aichhorn

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Grave of August Aichhorn in the Meidlinger Friedhof in Vienna

August Aichhorn (born July 27, 1878 in Vienna ; † October 13, 1949 there ) was an Austrian educator and psychoanalyst .

Life

August Aichhorn was initially a primary school teacher in Vienna. After the First World War he tried out modern pedagogy in the institutions of Ober-Hollabrunn and St. Andrä an der Traisen (1918–1922). There he demonstrated that forced upbringing in “reform schools” did not bring positive results. Aichhorn justified the aggression among young people with a love deficit. He had the idea of ​​a “positive children's home” and met neglected young people with love, attention and genuine interest. Aichhorn became the official head of the Viennese municipal welfare institutions, later head of the Viennese psychoanalytic educational counseling, during the war training analyst for doctors and psychologists, then professor in Vienna and head of the Viennese psychoanalytic institutes. He shared Anna Freud's view that family education is superior to institutionalized home education.

He is considered to be the founder of psychoanalytic education and numerous internationally renowned educators ( Homer Lane , Alexander Neill ) refer to him .

In the course of 1932 August Aichhorn and Hans Zulliger were accepted into the circle of editors of the Zeitschrift für Psychoanalytische Pädagogik .

Fonts (selection)

  • Neglected Youth: Psychoanalysis in Welfare Education. Ten lectures for the first introduction. With a preface by Sigmund Freud . Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag, Vienna 1925; last: 11th, unchanged edition. Huber, Bern 2005, ISBN 3-456-84260-0 (also published in English, French and Spanish).
  • Educational advice. In: Journal for Psychoanalytic Pedagogy. 1932, pp. 445-488.
  • Educational counseling and educational assistance: 12 lectures on psychoanalytic pedagogy. From the estate of August Aichhorn. Huber, Bern 1959; Paperback edition: Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1972.
  • Psychoanalysis and educational counseling (= contributions to child psychotherapy. Vol. 7). Reinhardt, Munich / Basel 1970; Paperback edition: Fischer Taschenbuch, Frankfurt am Main 1972.
  • Who was August Aichhorn. Letters, documents, unpublished works. Selected and compiled by Thomas Aichhorn. Löcker & Wögenstein, Vienna 1976.
  • Anna Freud, August Aichhorn: "Psychoanalysis can only flourish where there is freedom of thought". Correspondence 1921–1949. Edited and commented by Thomas Aichhorn. Brandes & Apsel, Frankfurt am Main 2012.

literature

  • Erik Adam: August Aichhorn. In: Herbert Colla et al. (Ed.): Handbook of home education and foster children in Europe. Luchterhand, Neuwied 1999, pp. 265-274.
  • Thomas Aichhorn (ed.): On the history of the Vienna Psychoanalytical Association. Volume 1: 1938-1949. Edition Diskord, Tübingen 2003.
  • Ernst Federn : The therapeutic personality, explained using the example of Paul Federn and August Aichhorn. In: Ders .: A life with psychoanalysis. From Vienna via Buchenwald and the USA back to Vienna. Psychosozial-Verlag, Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-932133-86-2 , pp. 154-170.
  • Roland Kaufhold : On the history and topicality of psychoanalytic pedagogy: Questions to Rudolf Ekstein and Ernst Federn. In the S. (Ed.): Pioneers of psychoanalytic pedagogy: Bruno Bettelheim, Rudolf Ekstein, Ernst Federn and Siegfried Bernfeld (= Psychosocial. Vol. 16 (1993), volume 1). Psychosozial-Verlag, Giessen 1993, ISBN 3-930096-23-4 , pp. 9-19.
  • Roland Kaufhold: Searching for traces of the history of the Viennese psychoanalytic educators who emigrated from the USA. In: Thomas Aichhorn (Ed.): On the history of the Vienna Psychoanalytical Association. Volume 1: 1938-1949. Edition Diskord, Tübingen 2003, pp. 37–69.
  • Achim Perner: August Aichhorn's contribution to the technique of psychoanalysis. In: Lucifer Amor. Issue 36 (“On the History of Psychoanalytic Technique”), pp. 42–64 ( abstract ).
  • John Erwin Schowalter: Aichhorn revisited. In: The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child. Vol. 55 (2000), pp. 49-60.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Thomas Aichhorn: Quelques réflexions et explications sur l'échange épistolaire entre August Aichhorn et Anna Freud et sa publication . Footnote 46.
personal data
SURNAME Aichhorn, August
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian educator and psychoanalyst
DATE OF BIRTH July 27, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH October 13, 1949
Place of death Vienna