Hans Zulliger

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Hans Zulliger (born February 21, 1893 in Mett near Biel ; † October 18, 1965 in Ittigen near Bern) was a Swiss elementary school teacher , psychotherapist and writer . He is considered one of the most influential child analysts and most important teachers in psychoanalytic education .

Life

Hans Zulliger grew up as the son of a simple watch worker. The family ran a small farm as a sideline. After primary school he attended the Progymnasium in Biel. He had to give up his wish to become a musician or painter for financial reasons. In 1908 he entered the state teacher training college in Hofwil near Bern, which was headed by Ernst Schneider , who was strongly hostile to his connections to psychoanalysis .

From 1912 to 1959 - for 47 years - Zulliger was a village school teacher in Ittigen. Zulliger had come into contact with Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis through Oskar Pfister and Hermann Rorschach and tried to transfer the knowledge gained from him to everyday school life, for example by trying to interpret the figure of the teacher as an ideal self or the child's play as Tried to understand non-verbal interaction with the possibility of therapeutic access.

Pfister, whose educational concept of pedagogical analysis was also influenced by Adler's teaching, was Zulliger's role model. The period from 1917 to 1927 served Zulliger as an "experimental phase" in which he tried to make the Freudian teachings fruitful for elementary school pedagogy. In the following ten years he developed psychoanalytic pedagogy for schools . In the years 1930 to 1935 his play therapy originated.

Zulliger's literary concern was to preserve the Bernese dialect. As a public educator, he wrote numerous books for young people and was the editor of the parenting magazine for 22 years . Zulliger's numerous adolescent psychology and educational publications have been translated into 13 languages ​​and made him known far beyond Switzerland.

Act

The preoccupation with the psychological development and the disorders in the individual child was only a part of Zulliger's work. He was of the opinion that his group upbringing was of great importance in addition to individual aid for the disturbed child. He changed the technique of individual treatment to the interpretation-free play therapy he developed, which is described in his work Healing Forces in Childhood Play (1952).

Starting with Freud's work on mass psychology and analysis of the ego , he observed and analyzed the group dynamic processes between teacher and student group and developed his community education from this , which was reflected in his 1961 book Horde, Bande, Gemeinschaft .

"If we want to deal practically with children, whether as a psychologist, as a child psychotherapist, Psychagogen, professional educators, special educators or parents, then we assume that we these children understand . We accept this without further ado - and we are so convinced of it from the start that we never think for a moment that we could - perhaps - not understand or misunderstand it after all. (...) I am the man who is preparing to prove that we understand the children insufficiently or not at all. I am glad if you do not simply reject me from the start and show me your critical goodwill. In order to make it easier for you to do this, I promise that in the course of my lectures I will also show you the ways that children can understand. This is my concern. "

(...) “ It is not enough that, if we want to understand children, we determine individual isolated psychological data on them. (...) We have to be able to recognize the dynamic process . Dynamic psychology is necessary, not statistical, if we are to understand children. Developmental psychology is dynamic psychology. " (Hans Zulliger's introduction to child psychology )

Zulliger modified the Rorschach test for examinations of groups ( Diapositive-Z-Test , 1948) and of individuals ( Zulliger-Tafeln-Test , 1954).

Awards

  • Prizes from the canton and city of Bern for his extensive literary work
  • 1949 Prize from the Swiss Schiller Foundation
  • 1952 honorary doctorate from the historical and philosophical faculty of the University of Bern
  • 1958 honorary doctorate from the medical faculty of Heidelberg University
  • Honorary President of the German Society for Depth Psychology and Psychotherapy
  • Honorary President of the Swiss Society for Psychotherapy of Children and Adolescents
  • Honorary member of the Société Française d'Assistance et d'Education de l'Enfance défiante

Works

  • Psychoanalytic experiences from elementary school practice , 1921
  • From the unconscious soul life of our school youth , 1927
  • Loosened Shackles , 1927
  • Adler, Freud and the School Teacher , 1931
  • Difficult pupils , 1935
  • Healing forces in children's play , 1952, 8th unchanged edition, Eschborn: Verlag Dietmar Klotz, 2007, ISBN 3-88074-497-1
  • Dealing with the child's conscience , 1953
  • The slide Z test , 1955
  • Help instead of punishment , 1956
  • Building blocks of child psychotherapy and child depth psychology , 1957
  • Difficult children , 1958
  • Youngsters and youngsters , 1958
  • The child thinks differently than the adult , 1960
  • Conversations on Education , 1960
  • Child and Fire - on juvenile arsonists and fire prevention , 1960
  • Horde gang community , 1961
  • Parent training and parenting spirit , 1961
  • Child mistake in the early morning keeper , 1961
  • Sex education, sexual development and gender education of children , 1961
  • The Zulliger-Tafeln-Test , 1962
  • About industrial psychology , 1962
  • The flail age , 1964
  • Punishing in Education , 1966
  • Our Children's Fear , 1966
  • Introduction to Children's Soul , 1967
  • The Child in Development , 1969
  • From a teacher's workshop , 1977

Stories for children and young people

  • Die Pfahlbauer am Moossee , from 10 years, Schweizerisches Jugendschriftenwerk (SJW), issue 18
  • Türlü and the comrades , from 10 years, SJW booklet 19
  • Cécile and the Indians , from 10 years, SJW booklet 59
  • Die Wohnhöhlen am Weissenbach , from 12 years, SJW booklet 248
  • The conspiracy of the glass fishermen , from 11 years, SJW-Heft 316

Literary works (in dialect)

  • Unbelievable. Old history from the Bantiger region. Bern 1924 [new edition 1976].
  • For all cases! Dialect pleasure game in 4 acts. Bern 1925
  • Het en Yscher! E Seebützekumedi i 3 rations. Bern 1932.
  • Bärner March [poems]. Bern 1932.
  • Flüehlikofer Härd. Bärndütschi story. Bern 1939.
  • In the middle of the woods. Zurich 1954
  • Wiehnechtsvärsli. Bern 1937 [new edition 1958].

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Zulliger, Hans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss elementary school teacher, psychotherapist and writer
DATE OF BIRTH February 21, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Mett near Biel
DATE OF DEATH October 18, 1965
Place of death Ittigen near Bern