Kiddush

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Kiddush mug

As a kiddush ( Hebrew קידושfrom kadosch , holy, German literally "sanctification", sometimes " blessing ") is the blessing over a cup of wine, with which the Sabbath and the Jewish holidays are introduced. The kiddush is derived from Exodus 20 : 8 LUT : "Remember the Sabbath day that you sanctify it".

There is also the term Kiddush HaSchem , the "sanctification of the name (God)".

Kiddush on Shabbat and on holidays

Kiddush on Shabbat and on public holidays is usually spoken by the male head of the family immediately before the meal at home - but women are also obliged to celebrate kiddush. The kiddush is talked about wine and mostly afterwards about the Shabbat bread ( challah ). Ashkenazim also speak a kiddush in the synagogue on Friday evening , which goes back to the fact that people passing through used to eat in the synagogues.

From this, a snack that is usually offered in Ashkenazi Jewish communities on Shabbat, sometimes also on public holidays, after the morning service by parishioners on special occasions is called kiddush . In some parishes today it is an integral part of parish life and is financed by the parish.

Kiddush HaSchem

As a Kiddush Hashem , the sanctification of the name (of God), the adherence to the Jewish faith through martyrdom up to the suicide case of imminent forced conversion , prayer and life called. The opposite of Kiddush HaSchem is the Chillul HaSchem , the desecration of the name (God).

President Zalman Shazar starts a "Kiddush" in the sukkah in Beit HaNassi the presidential palace in Jerusalem. Prime Minister Levi Eshkol , Chief Rabbi Isser Unterman and Nahum Goldmann are seated on his right . Photo by Cohen Fritz.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Kiddush . In: Julius H. Schoeps (Ed.): New Lexicon of Judaism . Bertelsmann, Gütersloh / Munich 1992, ISBN 3-570-09877-X , p. 259 f .
  2. ↑ Chajm Guski: The other day at Kiddush: A cantor like a raven. . Jewish General , February 18, 2010
  3. ↑ Kiddush . In: Gil Marks: Encyclopedia of Jewish Food . John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Hoboken NJ 2010, p. 310 ISBN 978-0-470-39130-3 in extracts online (English)
  4. ↑ Prayer times in the synagogues . Jewish communities Frankfurt am Main