Gill slit eel-like
Gill slit eel-like | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
East Asian gill slit eel ( Monopterus albus ) |
||||||||||||
Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Synbranchiformes | ||||||||||||
Berg , 1940 |
The gill slit hall-like (Synbranchiformes) consist of four families and about 115 species in 13 genera . With the exception of three species that live in brackish water , they live in freshwater in the tropics and subtropics of Africa, Asia, the Indo-Australian archipelago, Mexico, and Central and South America.
features
The fish are 3.1 to 150 centimeters long. The body is elongated like an eel. The gill opening is reduced to a small, transverse slit under the head or throat. Breathing occurs mainly with the throat and the intestines. The premaxillary (intermaxillary bone) cannot be extended (not protractile) and has no ascending process. In the skull, the outer pterygoid (wing bone) is elongated, the middle one is absent or reduced.
Internal system
- Subordination synbranchoid
- Family gill slit eels (Synbranchidae)
- Suborder Mastacembeloidei
- Family Chaudhuriidae
- Spiny Eel Family (Mastacembelidae)
In addition to these three families traditionally counted among the gill-slit-eel-like families, the family of the Indostomidae (suborder Indostomoidei) is added in modern systems . The close relationship of the stickleback-like Indostomidae with the other, outwardly different groups, is based on molecular biological studies and is not yet supported by morphological characteristics.
The relationships between the four families are shown in the following cladogram:
Anabantaria |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Individual evidence
- ^ Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
- ↑ a b Ricardo Betancur-R, Edward O. Wiley, Gloria Arratia, Arturo Acero, Nicolas Bailly, Masaki Miya, Guillaume Lecointre and Guillermo Ortí: Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes . BMC Evolutionary Biology, BMC series - July 2017, DOI: 10.1186 / s12862-017-0958-3
- ^ A b Blaise Li, Agnès Dettaï, Corinne Cruaud, Arnaud Couloux, Martine Desoutter-Meniger, Guillaume Lecointre: RNF213, a new nuclear marker for acanthomorph phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 50, Issue 2, February 2009, Pages 345-363 doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2008.11.013
- ^ A b Thomas J. Near, A. Dornburg, RI Eytan, BP Keck, WL Smith, KL Kuhn, JA Moore, SA Price, FT Burbrink, M. Friedman & PC Wainwright. 2013. Phylogeny and tempo of diversification in the superradiation of spiny-rayed fishes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101: 12738-21743. doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1304661110 , PDF
Web links
- Gill slit eels on Fishbase.org (English)