Gill slit eel-like

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Gill slit eel-like
East Asian gill slit eel (Monopterus albus)

East Asian gill slit eel ( Monopterus albus )

Systematics
Cohort : Euteleosteomorpha
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei
Acanthomorphata
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Gill slit eel-like
Scientific name
Synbranchiformes
Berg , 1940

The gill slit hall-like (Synbranchiformes) consist of four families and about 115 species in 13 genera . With the exception of three species that live in brackish water , they live in freshwater in the tropics and subtropics of Africa, Asia, the Indo-Australian archipelago, Mexico, and Central and South America.

features

The fish are 3.1 to 150 centimeters long. The body is elongated like an eel. The gill opening is reduced to a small, transverse slit under the head or throat. Breathing occurs mainly with the throat and the intestines. The premaxillary (intermaxillary bone) cannot be extended (not protractile) and has no ascending process. In the skull, the outer pterygoid (wing bone) is elongated, the middle one is absent or reduced.

Internal system

In addition to these three families traditionally counted among the gill-slit-eel-like families, the family of the Indostomidae (suborder Indostomoidei) is added in modern systems . The close relationship of the stickleback-like Indostomidae with the other, outwardly different groups, is based on molecular biological studies and is not yet supported by morphological characteristics.

The relationships between the four families are shown in the following cladogram:

  Anabantaria  

 Order Anabantiformes ( labyrinth fish and relatives)


  Synbranchiformes  
  Mastacembeloidei  

 Spiny Eels (Mastacembelidae)


   

 Chaudhuriidae



   
  Synbranchoid  

 Gill slit eels (Synbranchidae)


  Indostomoidei  

 Indostomidae





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Individual evidence

  1. ^ Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
  2. ↑ a b Ricardo Betancur-R, Edward O. Wiley, Gloria Arratia, Arturo Acero, Nicolas Bailly, Masaki Miya, Guillaume Lecointre and Guillermo Ortí: Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes . BMC Evolutionary Biology, BMC series - July 2017, DOI: 10.1186 / s12862-017-0958-3
  3. ^ A b Blaise Li, Agnès Dettaï, Corinne Cruaud, Arnaud Couloux, Martine Desoutter-Meniger, Guillaume Lecointre: RNF213, a new nuclear marker for acanthomorph phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 50, Issue 2, February 2009, Pages 345-363 doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2008.11.013
  4. ^ A b Thomas J. Near, A. Dornburg, RI Eytan, BP Keck, WL Smith, KL Kuhn, JA Moore, SA Price, FT Burbrink, M. Friedman & PC Wainwright. 2013. Phylogeny and tempo of diversification in the superradiation of spiny-rayed fishes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101: 12738-21743. doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1304661110 , PDF

Web links

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