Kimmeridgium
system | series | step | ≈ age ( mya ) |
---|---|---|---|
higher | higher | higher | younger |
law | Upper Jurassic | Tithonium | 145 ⬍ 152.1 |
Kimmeridgium | 152.1 ⬍ 157.3 |
||
Oxfordium | 157.3 ⬍ 163.5 |
||
Middle Jurassic | Callovium | 163.5 ⬍ 166.1 |
|
Bathonium | 166.1 ⬍ 168.3 |
||
Bajocium | 168.3 ⬍ 170.3 |
||
Aalenium | 170.3 ⬍ 174.1 |
||
Lower Jurassic | Toarcium | 174.1 ⬍ 182.7 |
|
Pliensbachium | 182.7 ⬍ 190.8 |
||
Sinemurium | 190.8 ⬍ 199.3 |
||
Hettangium | 199.3 ⬍ 201.3 |
||
deeper | deeper | deeper | older |
The Kimmeridgian (in German often shortened to Kimmeridge , more rarely Kimmeridgien) is in the Earth's history , the average chronostratigraphic stage of the Upper Jurassic in the Jura . Geochronologically , the stage began about 157.3 million years ago and ended 152.1 million years ago. The Kimmeridgium follows the Oxfordium ; after the Kimmeridgium comes the tithonium .
Naming and history
The term "Kimmeridgien" was introduced by Jules Thurmann in 1832. It is the Latinized name of the town of Kimmeridge , on the Isle of Purbeck , in the county of Dorset on the English Channel coast of England .
Definition and GSSP
The stage begins with the layers in which the ammonite species Pictonia baylei appears for the first time . The end of the stage is defined with the onset of the ammonite Hybonoticeras hybonotum . The end of the stage also coincides with the M22An magnetic anomaly. A GSSP (global type locality and type profile) has not yet been defined.
Breakdown
The Kimmeridgium is subdivided in the Tethyalen area into seven ammonite biozones:
- Hybonoticeras beckeri
- Aulacostephanus eudoxus
- Aspidoceras acanthicum
- Crussoliceras divisum
- Ataxioceras hypselocyclum
- Sutneria platynota
- Idoceras planula
The Kimmeridgium is divided into the Lower and Upper Kimmeridgium.
Individual evidence
- ^ Geological dictionary, p. 111.
literature
- Felix Gradstein, Jim Ogg, Jim & Alan Smith: A Geologic timescale. Cambridge University Press 2005 ISBN 978-0-521-78673-7
- Hans Murawski & Wilhelm Meyer: Geological dictionary . 10., rework. u. exp. Ed., 278, Enke Verlag, Stuttgart 1998 ISBN 3-432-84100-0 .
- Jules Thurmann: Sur Les Soulèvemens Jurassiques Du Porrentruy: Description Géognostique de la Série Jurassique et Théorie Orographique du Soulèvement. Mémoires de la Société d'histoire naturelle de Strasbourg, 1: 1-84, FG Levrault, Paris 1832
Web links
- German Stratigraphic Commission, Manfred Menning (Hrsg.): Stratigraphische Tisch von Deutschland 2002 . Potsdam 2002, ISBN 3-00-010197-7 (1 sheet, Stratigraphie.de [PDF; 6.6 MB ]).
- Commission for the paleontological and stratigraphic research of Austria of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Ed.): The Stratigraphic Table of Austria (sedimentary layer sequences). Vienna 2004 (PDF; 376 kB)
- International Chronostratigraphic Chart 2012 (PDF)