Parish fair protection

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The church consecration protection was a medieval and early modern legal institution in the Holy Roman Empire (HRR).

definition

In the case of church consecration protection, it was a matter of a right of supervision that served to preserve peace at church consecration celebrations or at the patronage festivals of the parishes. The prevention of physical disputes, however, only played a superficial role; in fact, it was mainly about a demonstration of power in order to be able to showcase the village rule that had been asserted over the village . Because in the Swabian-Franconian area of ​​the HRR, the church consecration protection was next to the Vogteilichkeit and the village and community rulership (DGH) one of the most important regalia (i.e. state sovereignty or power) to be able to successfully claim the sovereignty over a village mark . The church consecration protection was usually exercised by the bailiff who ruled the village and community. However, there were also cases in which this was done by non-resident bailiffs.

On days when the church consecration protection was exercised in a village, there was a special “peace command”. This was announced in a solemn form and indicated by attaching a national emblem (the so-called "jewel") provided with the coat of arms of the bailiff exercising the DGH. In addition to the display of power-political ambitions, the protection of the church fair also played an important role as a source of financial income, such as the income from stall and bar fees.

history

Originally, the church consecration protection was a security service that was carried out by non-local (and thus independent) authorities of the church patron. Due to its important role as an instrument of rule, the claim of the church consecration protection formed a much contested object in the HRR. One of these disputes led to the fact that in the case of Küps the conflict was brought before the Reich Chamber of Commerce in 1627 . As early as 1502, the dispute over the protection of the parish fair in the now defunct pilgrimage site of Affalterbach had escalated militarily and led to the battle in the forest . In this clash, which was costly for both sides, a force of the imperial city of Nuremberg suffered a heavy defeat against the troops of the Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kronach - The Altland District . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . S. 131 .
  2. ↑ Bayreuth . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . S. 308 .
  3. ↑ Kitzingen . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . S. 97 ( digital-sammlungen.de [accessed April 14, 2020]).
  4. ^ Walter Bauernfeind: City Lexicon Nuremberg . Ed .: Michael Diefenbacher, Rudolf Endres. 2nd, improved edition. W. Tümmels Verlag, Nuremberg 2000, ISBN 3-921590-69-8 , p. 541 . ( Online ).
  5. ↑ a b Kronach - The Altland District . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . S. 337-338 .
  6. ↑ Kronach - The Altland District . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . S. 423 .
  7. ↑ a b Neustadt-Windsheim . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . S. 23 ( Digitale-sammlungen.de [accessed April 14, 2020]).
  8. ↑ Höchstadt-Herzogenaurach . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . S. 20 ( digital-sammlungen.de [accessed April 14, 2020]).
  9. ↑ Kronach - The Altland District . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria . S. 338 .
  10. ^ Walter Bauernfeind: City Lexicon Nuremberg . Ed .: Michael Diefenbacher, Rudolf Endres. 2nd, improved edition. W. Tümmels Verlag, Nuremberg 2000, ISBN 3-921590-69-8 , p. 934 . ( Online ).