Kivelinge
As Kivelinge refers to the members of a dating back to 1372 bachelor Association of Lingen (Ems) in Lower Saxony Emsland .
origin
According to oral tradition, the Kivelinge are based on an event from the 14th century. During the fighting between the Count of Tecklenburg and the Bishop of Munster , the male population of Lingen was so decimated that the town's young, unmarried youths were summoned to the ramparts to defend the town. With the support of the young men it was possible to prevent the capture of the fortress Lingen and to drive the attackers to flight. It is assumed that the name "Kiveling" also originated from this incident . This is the diminutive of the Middle Low German word "kiven" , which means something like fight or argue (ie: little warrior, little fighter). These processes cannot be substantiated by documents, as almost all written documents were lost in a town fire in 1548 .
tradition
A first written reference to the existence of “Borgerkynder” , “young Schutthen” or “Vrygesellen” , as the Kivelinge were also called, can be found in the city accounts for the years 1557/1558. One post indicates a donation from the city to the Kivelinge:
"The young shooters or citizens' children honored with 1/2 ton of beer, facit 1 mark" .
The fact that the Kivelinge were able to look back on a long tradition in 1565/1566 can be seen from further entries in the city accounts:
“When they shot the bird, the young rifleman was given half a ton of beer to drink, according to the old custom; paid 1 Mark and 1 Sch. 10 1/2 Pf. ".
Further evidence of a long tradition of providing a correspondence of the Municipal Council of the city of Lingen with Kivelingen. It says that the authorities forbid the citizens' sons to have their festival because there is war and plague in the neighboring countries . In a document dated May 11, 1636, the Kivelinge declare that they are ready to waive their old documented right if the magistrate delivers the 2 tons of beer due.
In addition to entries in city bills and correspondence, a small, silver bird also testifies to the existence of a citizens' sons company . Due to its alloy and style, experts attribute this to a period after 1450. If one adds up the mentioned evidence, one can believe the information in a secondary source, which gives the year 1372 as the year of foundation of the Burgerzoons Schüttery .
Company book
The Compagnie Book of Kivelinge built in 1786 and also contained in the first pages evidence of a Established in 1372. This book, however, was so badly damaged by the floods in February of 1946 that the first pages in the restoration does not restore the book in 1995 could become. The "bets" written in the old Dutch language , which contained the laws and penal provisions of the citizens' sons , could not be received either . Fortunately, there is a copy of these bets and a translation into Standard German from 1922. Over the years, statutes and then the association's statutes , which are also valid for today's association, developed from this. Changes and adjustments were made in the years: 1845, 1848, 1853, 1863, 1872, 1892, 1902, 1926, 1954, 1985 and in 2008.
The difference between the Kivelinge and other shooting associations is that in earlier times the citizens' sons elevator was a compulsory institution of the city of Lingen, which is documented in point 14 of the betting of 1786. The unmarried citizens of the city had to take part in this parade with the weapon under heavy penalties and to drill according to strict regulations.
Today's Bürgersöhne-elevator emerged from this compulsory military team and took over the tradition and ownership. The association received some old privileges from the city of Lingen .
Kivelinge in the 20th century
On August 9, 1914, the city of Lingen was given ownership of the association for safekeeping during the First World War. After the war, the first general assembly took place on October 26, 1919 , ten years later it was decided to have the citizens' sons elevator entered in the register of associations . In the time after the First World War, the Kivelinge began to become more and more involved in social and cultural areas of the city as a homeland association. This included, among other things, aid after the hurricane disaster in 1927, home shows (1928 and 1935), as well as Low German evenings and theater performances to preserve the regional dialect .
Celebrations and events
The Kivelinge festivals took place every three years before and after the First World War . During the Second World War all club activities ceased. But as early as 1945 the board of the Kivelinge sent a letter to the English military commander in Lingen, requesting that the association's activities be resumed. This request was granted by the British military government. The new objective of the association was the maintenance of existing historical monuments as well as the local culture.
Care of culture and monuments
This was reflected in the Kivelinge's magazines and series, in which
- Acquisition and restoration of the house at Am Markt 8 ,
- the redesign of the powder tower site in the city center with the reconstruction of the powder tower
- the erection of the Arch of Machurius,
- the foundation of the mayoral chain,
- Donations for the old and new town hall,
- Participation in the old town festivals and a lot more.
Gifts from the Kivelinge
At every Kivelingsfest, the Kivelings give the citizens of their hometown a present.
| year | Location | description |
|---|---|---|
| 1949 | Mayoral chain | |
| 1952 | Hist. Town hall, market square | Carillon |
| 1955 | Council bell for the mayor | |
| 1958 | Hist. Town hall, market square | Chandelier at the historic town hall |
| 1961 | Street 'Am Pulverturm', Powder Tower area |
Machurius Arch and Powder Tower |
| 1964 | Memorial plaques for B. Rosemeyer and Bishop W. Berning | |
| 1967 | Bust of Eberhardt Danckelmann (town hall) | |
| 1970 | Basis for a military history library | |
| 1972 | Originally town hall forecourt, currently: near "Parkhügel" |
Machurius fountain |
| 1975 | original Local museum | Painting 1. Luth. Pastor Johannes Naber |
| 1978 | Emsland Museum, Burgstrasse | Landsknecht at the museum |
| 1981 | Hist. Town hall, market square | New clock at the historic town hall |
| 1984 | originally Julius-Landmarke-Strasse | Design of the green zone for the retirement home |
| 1987 | Henricus Pontanus | |
| 1990 | At Mühlentorstrasse 3, Burgstrasse 23, Lookenstrasse 22 |
Bronze relief plate of the three city gates |
| 1993 | Hist. Town hall, market square | City coat of arms on the historic town hall |
| 1996 | Bauerntanzstrasse, corner of Marienstrasse near the market square |
Historical sign tree |
| 1999 | Street 'Am Pulverturm', Powder Tower area |
Pavement: Reconstruction of the Lingen weir system |
| 2002 | Hist. Town hall, market square | Puppet play |
| 2005 | Emsland Museum, Burgstrasse | Historical fence system at the local museum |
| 2008 | Street 'Am Pulverturm' | Kiveling playground |
| 2011 | University campus, Kaiserstraße | Artwork by Lena Hülsmeier Gift presentation speech |
| 2014 | www.anno1372.de | Interactive city tour 'Anno 1372' |
| 2017 | City park on Wilhelmshöhe | Culture pavilion |
Folk festival
In 1972 a folk festival organized by the Kivelinge took place, which is known as the Kivelingsfest. The reason was the 600th anniversary of the association, in which the population of Lingen and the surrounding area should also be a part. In the following years the folk festivals that take place every three years at Pentecost became an integral part of Lingen.
The festival underwent a fundamental change in 1996. Since this festival, the Kivelinge have tried to portray life in the Middle Ages as authentically as possible. This is particularly evident in the superstructures, facades and costumes, some of which are based on original designs of the time.
In the course of the club's 625-year history, a lot has changed, but a lot has been retained since time immemorial. This also means that the Kivelinge are the unmarried citizens of the city of Lingen. That still means today: Whoever marries is no longer a member of the Kivelinge.
The Kivelingsfest was proposed in 2018 by the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture for inclusion in the nationwide directory of intangible cultural heritage . After an examination by the German UNESCO Commission, the Kivelingsfest can be registered for the international list of intangible heritage at UNESCO.
literature
- Sabine Diepenbrock, "Dem Kiveling, dem Kaveling ...": the history of the citizens' sons elevator , ISBN 3-9809898-2-8 , Lingen 2005.
- Alfons Janßen and Holger Lübbers, "Die Kivelinge" , Lingen 1997.
Web links
- Association website
- Website of the game "Pro civibus et civitate" - game about the Kivelinge and city history
Individual evidence
- ^ A new statute and 27 new members , noz.de from January 20, 2008
- ↑ Müllerhandwerk and Kivelingsfest proposed as intangible cultural heritage press release from the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture of April 13, 2018