Geisenfeld Monastery
The monastery Geisenfeld is a former Benedictine - Abbey in Geisenfeld in Bavaria in the diocese of Regensburg .
history
The monastery was founded in 1037 by Count Eberhard von Ebersberg ; it was dissolved in 1803 in the course of secularization . Part of the monastery building was demolished. The remaining parts of the building were set up for use by public authorities.
A psalter with commentary, written in the first quarter of the 11th century, was in the monastery no later than 1200 because of the tradition notes added there . In the 16th century he was associated with the founder of the monastery through an entry on the front cover mirror. The so-called Eberhard Psalter came to the Bavarian State Library in Munich as a result of secularization in 1803 , where it is kept under the signature clm 7355 .
The Geisenfeld Monastery was one of the largest and richest monasteries in Bavaria at that time. In 1752, 189 properties in the surrounding towns belonged to the monastery's land holdings. Due to extensive donations from the founders of the monastery, parts of Gaimersheim near Ingolstadt and Langquaid in the Kelheim district and a winery in Gorsbach in Austria also belonged to the monastery. Then there was the file forest with 20,000 daily work and other large forests and fields. The monastery also included a brewery (Klosterbräu), a saddlery (Möbelhaus Weiß), a mill (sawmill Knerr), a bakery (Escheu bakery), a pharmacy and many of the crafts of the time.
In 1336, Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian is said to have given the Geisenfeld monastery lower jurisdiction, which existed until secularization .
In the 15th century, the Melk monastery reform was also implemented in the Geisenfeld Benedictine monastery .
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War did not leave the monastery unaffected. On April 30, 1632 enemy troops came from Vohburg an der Donau and undertook a raid in the Geisenfeld area . The abbess at the time fled to Ingolstadt with 42 people and had to leave behind a large amount of equipment and grain, as well as altar cloths, goblets and monstrances . "They stole everything and caused great damage," wrote the abbess at the time. In 1648, after the Peace of Westphalia , the monastery buildings were extremely ruined and most of the fiefdoms burned.
reconstruction
At the beginning of the 18th century, a thorough renovation of the badly run-down monastery buildings could no longer be postponed. Great patrons, even the Archbishop of Cologne, came to the aid of Abbess Constantia Jäger († 1727) at that time. The foundation stone for the renovation was laid on April 17, 1701. Just two years later, the dormitory , the refectory , the infirmary, the kitchen and the pharmacy were ready. The dimensions of the entire building existed until secularization. The monastery church was renovated by Jäger's successor, Abbess Maria Cäcilia Weiß. She also had the south tower raised by two stories and fitted with a tower lantern.
secularization
On October 20, 1803, the Geisenfeld Monastery was dissolved by the Bavarian state administration , according to the order of Elector Max Joseph on March 18, 1803. At that time there were 29 choir women and 21 lay sisters in the Geisenfeld monastery under Abbess Amanda Donaubauer from Mainburg . Most of the buildings and properties were bought by the silk ribbon manufacturer, philanthropist, patron and revolutionary Johann Rudolf Meyer from Aarau for 52,666 guilders in order to found a Swiss factory colony in Geisenfeld . However, after the land intended for the construction of colonist farms had been flooded in the file forest, he sold the acquired property to state director Ritter von Welz in 1804. The monastery church was given to the parish of Geisenfeld by the elector on October 29, 1804. From then on, it replaced the old St. Emmeram's church as the parish church of St. Emmeram . This stood on the site of today's town hall built in 1874 .
today
The former monastery church was completely renovated inside and out in the 1970s and 1980s, so that it now shines in its old splendor.
The other former monastery buildings, in the immediate vicinity of the church, now belong to the Free State of Bavaria and the city of Geisenfeld. Among other things, they house a notary's office , the state notary archive for Bavaria, a day care center for senior citizens and the Geisenfeld town band.
Row of Abbesses
Source:
- Gerbirgis , 1030 - around 1061
- Wichberg, † around 1064
- Frideruna Margravine von Hohenburg, 1087, † around 1120
- Bertha, 1140
- Mathildis, around 1147
- Richildis, 1151
- Heilwigis I Countess von Bogen, before 1155
- Adelheid Countess of Hohenburg (?)
- Elisabeth, around 1190
- Heilwigis II., Around 1211, 1216
- Sophia, 1223-1246
- Agnes I., 1249, 1257
- Heilka I., 1276
- Heilka II.
- Anna von Rohrbach, 1300, 1330
- Agnes II of Pulenhausen, 1333
- Elisabeth Munsterin
- Margareth Hofer, 1358, † 1363
- Ursula von Hachsenaker, 1361–1406
- Margaretha von Egling, 1407-1416
- Anna Schilwatz, 1416, 1422
- Anna von Wolfstein, 1426
- Catharina Munepeck, 1434, 1462
- Dorothea Thürndl, 1467–1481
- Helena Pruner, 1482-1483
- Barbara Snäckler, 1483–1495
- Euphemia Venediger, 1495-1500
- Catharina von Stetten, 1501–1520
- Beatrix Schalldorfer, 1520–1534
- Hypolita Heustadl, 1534–1538
- Sabina von Seiboldsdorf, 1538–1574
- Maria von Gumppenberg, 1574–1584
- Apollonia pourer, 1584–1607
- Corona Schaller, 1607-1624
- Salome Dolnhofer, 1624-1629
- Catharina Hafner, 1629-1634
- Maximiliana Zäch, 1634-1637
- Benedicta Volkhammer, 1639–1649
- Anna Theresia Pröbstl, 1649–1674
- Johanna Fides Neuburger, 1674–1683
- Anna Maria Gazin, 1683–1694
- Constantia Jäger, 1694-1727
- Cäcilia Weiss, 1727–1751
- Generosa von Kreitmayer, 1751–1767
- Aloisia von Asch, 1768–1784
- Josepha Reiffenstuel, 1784–1794
- Amanda Donabauer, 1794–1803, † 1803
Trivia
From the book by Josef Kurzinger :
- There are different findings on the date the monastery was founded. Sources attribute the establishment by Eberhard II and his wife Adelheid to the year 1030 or 1037. A count Eberhard von Murach is also reported as the founder. Other sources even indicate 911, 929 or 1011 as the year of foundation.
- It is also critically noted that the second abbess of the monastery appears as Wichberg , a sister of Count Eberhard, in Klosterlieralie I and cannot be clearly identified as the sister of Eberhard II von Ebersberg.
literature
- Michael Trost: History of the Geisenfeld market. In: Upper Bavarian Archive for Fatherland History, Volume 37, Munich 1878, pp. 50–236.
- Max Joseph Hufnagel: The Geisenfeld Benedictine Monastery, based on the research results of Johann Gualbert Geistbeck ( D'Hopfakirm, local history series of the district of Pfaffenhofen ad Ilm , 5), Pfaffenhofen 1979.
- Josef Kurzinger: Monastery and market Geisenfeld up to secularization in 1803. Pro Business, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-86386-656-3 .
Web links
- Entry in the database of monasteries in Bavaria of the House of Bavarian History
- Publications on Geisenfeld in the Opac of the Regesta Imperii
- Psalter with commentary (so-called Eberhard Psalter) - BSB Clm 7355 in the offer of the MDZ
- Psalter with commentary (so-called Eberhard Psalter) - BSB Clm 7355 in bavarikon
Individual evidence
- ↑ Münchner Tagblatt, September 16, 1803, p. 549; Churpfalzbayerisches Intellektivenblatt, January 1, 1804, columns 10–15, lithograph between columns 8 and 9. The missing column is said to have survived the Second World War, the bust is now in Maximilians's café .
- ↑ image of the entry
- ^ Elisabeth Klemm: The Ottonian and early Romanesque manuscripts of the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek. Text tape + table tape. - Wiesbaden: Reichert, 2004, pp. 172–176 No. 167 - (Catalog of the illuminated manuscripts of the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek in Munich 2)
- ^ So in the entry of the monastery database at the HDBG, according to Volker von Volckamer: The district court Pfaffenhofen and the nursing court Wolnzach , Munich 1963 (Historischer Atlas von Bayern. Altbayern series I, issue 14), p. there is no documentary evidence of the granting of lower jurisdiction to the monastery, but it can be assumed to exist in the 14th and early 15th centuries. In the middle of the 15th century, however, the regional court withdrew the lower jurisdiction of the women's monasteries in the district. At the end of the 16th century, there were legal disputes that were only settled in 1718: in return for the assignment of 13 basic subjects, the monastery was granted court rights in 17 locations, in the file forest and the lower jurisdiction in the Geisenfeld district, which had been exercised by the regional court up until then. This lasted until the abolition of the monastery in 1803.
- ↑ Peter Genner: From Aarau to Bavaria. Emigration and decline of the Meyer entrepreneurial family. In: Aarauer Neujahrsblätter, 2011, pp. 36–69, 2012, pp. 97–143. Peter Genner: After the rule of the monastery - Swiss revolutionaries in the Pfaffenwinkel. In: Der Welf, Yearbook of the Historical Association Schongau , 2013, pp. 69–192 ( digitized version ). Peter Genner: Johann Rudolf Meyer son (1768–1825) and the Meyer family. Website IG Meyersche Stollen, Aarau 2015 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Michael Hartig: Die Oberbayerischen Stifts , Volume I: The Benedictine, Cistercian and Augustinian canons . Publisher vorm. G. J. Manz, Munich 1935, DNB 560552157 , p. 101 f.
Coordinates: 48 ° 40 ′ 59.7 " N , 11 ° 36 ′ 48.5" E