Hovedøya Monastery
| Cistercian Abbey of Hovedøya | |
|---|---|
 Hovedøya Monastery |
|
| location |
 Norway island of Hovedøya |
| Coordinates: | 59 ° 53 '44 " N , 10 ° 43' 45.3" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
230 |
| Patronage | St. Edmund St. Mary |
| founding year | 1147 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1532 |
| Mother monastery | Kirkstead Abbey |
| Primary Abbey | Clairvaux Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The monastery Hovedøya (lat .: Hovedense Monasterium / Hovedoa ), is a former Cistercian abbey in Norway . Its ruins are on the island of Hovedøya off the Norwegian capital Oslo .
history
The monastery was founded in 1147 after a foundation by the Oslo Bishop Viljam as a daughter monastery of Kirkstead Abbey in Lincolnshire , England , a daughter of Fountains Abbey from the filiation of Clairvaux Primary Abbey , from which the first abbot, Philip, came. The church, which existed when the Cistercians arrived, was consecrated to St. Edmund and St. Mary . About twelve monks and a number of lay brothers lived here . The monastery was very wealthy. Among other things, it owned large estates on Bygdøy , in Bogstad , Frogner and Ullern (now districts of Oslo). The monks further developed agricultural cultivation methods based on experiments they carried out themselves. Legend has it that there was a secret passage between Hovedøya Monastery and the ruins of medieval Oslo ( Gamlebyen ), but it was never found. The monastery was seized by the crown in 1532 and set on fire. It subsequently served as a quarry for Akershus Fortress .
Buildings and plant
The Cistercians changed the existing single-nave church by adding a single-nave, 25 m long transept and a new choir to a length of 46 m. The facade with two doors was given a deep vestibule. Only the foundations of the monastery buildings to the right of the church have been preserved. The east wing was not in the extension of the transept, but was offset to the west because of a large rock. The four vaults of the square chapter hall rested on a cylindrical central column and four columns adorned with foliage on the walls. Fragments of stained glass from the 13th century as well as the church floor were found (now in the Oslo History Museum).
literature
- Anselme Dimier : L'art cistercien hors de France . Zodiaque, La Pierre-qui-Vire 1971, p. 34 with plan.
- G. Fischer: Klosteret på Hovedøya. Et cistercienseranlegg. (= Fortidsminner. 61). Oslo 1974. (Norwegian)
- Arne Gunnarsjaa: Architecture guide for Norge. Abstract forlag as, Oslo 2002, ISBN 82-7935-031-4 . (Norwegian)
- Øivind Lunde: Klosteranleggerne. In: Fortidsminneforeningens årbok 1987. p. 89.
Web links
- Katolsk.no with floor plan
Remarks
- ↑ The monastery is often referred to in literature as Hovedø or Hovedö.